Crowd Disasters as Systemic Failures Analysis of the Love Parade Disaster - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 585 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/18 Category Analytics Essay Level High school Tags: Failure Essay Did you like this example? In a hot summer of July 24th, 2010, a crowd disaster took place in the annual Love Parade event in the Duisburg City of Germany. The disaster had killed 21 people and left 500 people injured. Authors purpose of this paper is not just to describe about the incident, how it took place instead authors have made explicit analytical description about its safety and prearrangement for possible disasters, for all event organizers. Authors have made study of the Love Parade disaster on the base of different eyewitnesses, close circuit camera records, and YouTube video footages. The Love Parade was first organized in 1989 in Berlin and continued till 2003 in same city. It was interrupted till 2007 in reason of permit by city, lack of budget and security concerns. In 2007 The Love Parade restarted in Essen City gathering 1.2 million visitors. In 2008 it was organized in Dortmund city. In 2009 again, it was cancelled in security concern. Thus, the love parade came up to Duisburg City in 2010, which turned as unforgettable sorrow and pain. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Crowd Disasters as Systemic Failures: Analysis of the Love Parade Disaster" essay for you Create order There are couples of factors that led the love parade festivals to horrible and panic ending. One most important factor was the space of the festival. In fact, the event space was supposed to choose on the base of the expected visitors not on the base of the capacity of space. However, the space chosen was squeezed in 100,000 square meters, between train track on the east and freeway on the west, which was too small for the expected visitors of 1.4 million. On the top of that, the geographic structure of the space compounded to the reason of disaster. The entrance ramp to the event location and exit ramp were next to each other making the route U-turn. When a sea of human with giant floats entering to the event location and exiting, made intersect in a narrow ramp, the crowd became uncontrollable and people ran over stepping on each other and piled up with injured and dead bodies. One of the notable, additional reason for this disaster was the failure to start the event on time. The organizer started the event with one-hour delay. However, people were already gathered in the open area of the event. When entrance was opened, the inflow interrupted the line and became uncontrollable. This situation accumulated the crowd unrest and contributed to the disaster. Additionally, organizers failed to predict the future possible incidents. The possible nature and behavior of the event could not be observed in advance. Even, the communication gap between the member of organizers and hearing interruption in phone calls were also the cause to push the event into tragic ending. Because of the crowd, people could not get the right information about what is happening in another corner or another side of the crowd. False rumor made people pandemonium and ran over pushing and stepping and on each other. Another important factor that caused to disaster is the generation of a collective force from the crowd. When a crowd goes beyond control, one force gets multiplied into multiple forces. In the love parade disaster, this physical idea worked, and the crowd became unrest. Right after the disaster, the staircase and the crowd movement were indicated as the reason for the incident. However, this study shows that the staircase was just a cause not the effect to contribute the disaster. The crucial reasons are the existence of narrow ramp, organizational failure to predict the possible dark side of the event, and accumulation of unrest force by pushing each other in the crowd.

Analysis Of Wallace Nuttings Invention Of Old America

Another unique delivery of antimodernism is perpetuated by Wallace Nutting of Rockbottom, Massachusetts. Congressional Minister turned enigmatic entrepreneur, Nutting was primarily interested in the Colonial Revival as a profit making venture than a guidepost of sophistication. He did, however, note the importance of the movement’s ideals. Thomas Denenberg’s Wallace Nutting’s Invention of Old America is a successful encapsulation of antimodernist tendencies during the Colonial Revival that cannot be noticed when examined on a broader scale historically. In Wallace Nutting’s Invention of Old America, Thomas Denenberg uses Nutting’s brand of colonial idealism as a parallel with an American society on the precipice of social change at†¦show more content†¦He saw an overall secularization of everyday life that threatened his views as a former minister and expectations of society. Denenberg successfully demonstrates Wallace Nutting’s general skepticism towards urban development of the Progressive Era. He embraced â€Å"back to the land† aesthetic that he had marketed to middle class America. His neo-colonialism differed from colonialism in that Nutting’s various compounds resembled idealized factory village. Nutting constructed a work environment that combined industrialization of the era with colonial, Old American archetypes. He relied on colonial ideas of paternalism to govern his business practices. Nuttingshame as he called it, was a farmscape converted into Nutting’s original manufacturing center. Nuttingshame was equal parts utopian community and company town. Here, Nutting put young women, or colorists, to work hand tinting photographs. These young women were fed, housed and employed in a sort of boarding school setting. Nutting’s subsequently sought profit through a chain of consumer friendly museums. He wished to house these museums in preexisting period homes. Not only did these homes serve as museums, they also frequently served as backdrops for Nutting’s photographs. Despite the failure of his

Stress And Its Effects On Stress - 1674 Words

Stress by definition is â€Å"a specific response by the body to a stimulus, as fear or pain, that disturbs or interferes with the normal physiological equilibrium of an organism.† (dictionary.com). All human organisms as well as other creatures deal with some form of stress or encounter stressors in their life. There are different magnitudes of stress that a person can experience. When encountering a stressor the first response is the ‘fight or flight’ response. This natural, instinctive response clues us into possible dangers, threats and high energy situations. This step is when the body decides if it should fight the stressor or flight from it. These situations are short-term, resolved in a quick manor and are called acute stressors. The body is able to respond and move on from acute stressors quickly rather than the next type of stressor, which is chronic stressors. Chronic stressors are long-termed based and not resolved easily or efficiently. This type of s tress can cause physical ailments in the long-run and has long list of side effects to be aware of. Emotional and psychological abuse is stress and it is very much chronic in nature. There is much talk about physical abuse in the news and media. Kids being beat by their parents and family members and other students. Physical abuse has usually been associated with bullying in schools where actual physical contact is being made. But, more recently there has been awareness to emotional bullying and abuse. CelebritiesShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Stress On Stress And Stress864 Words   |  4 PagesMerriam-Webster defines stress as â€Å"a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation† (Stress, 2015). Many people think of stress as being overworked or overwhelmed, but stress can be caused by all facets of everyday life. Through the evaluation of my stress self-assessment and the course readings, it has bec ome abundantly evident that stress impacts the body, is affected by motivation and emotions, and by understanding the psychologyRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Stress And Stress1865 Words   |  8 Pagesmental effect that could occur is stress. Even though this type of stress differs from everyday stress most people experience while at home, it can still have a major impact. Considering not everyone is able to cope with stress in the same way, the toll it takes on each individual will vary. Stress can occur from travel-related occurrences such as: running late to events and tours, losing an essential item, attempting to quickly adjust to another culture, and many more. Over time, built up stress canRead MoreStress And Its Effect On Stress Essay881 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology in my life, stress is; a group of behavioral, mental and physical processes occurring when events match or exceed the organism’s ability to respond in a healthy way. When we think about stress it comes across as something that’s only negative, but stress in moderation can be good. This type of stress is known as being acute stress, it’s good and bad stress. When frequently experiencing acute stress for long periods at a time it’s becomes a little more sever stress know as episodic. AlthoughRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress And On Stress1454 Words   |  6 PagesWhen people hear the words â€Å"life† and â€Å"stress† together in the same sentence the words alone may already be causing some to acquire more stress. Stress is very common and known by every living thing and can play a huge role in our lives. We have all experienced stress in some type of form. It is a very unpleasant state of emotional and physiological arousal that people experience in situations that are dangerous or threatening. It may also vary by its definition because it may mean something slightlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Stress Of The World Stress1047 Words   |  5 PagesPeople all over the world stress about something every day. Stress can lead to many dangerous health problems and can strain relationships with other people. People in the United States stress over many of the same issues. I stress about school, work, family issues, and social life. School causes me to stress more than any of the other issues. I attend college classes five days of the week and I commute an hour to Kentucky Wesleyan and an hour back home every day. I just started college and everyRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Health And Stress1084 Words   |  5 Pages The Effects of Stress The effects of stress are varying to all. Stress comes in all sizes, shapes, colors, durations and temperaments. Stress shows its face physically, emotionally, and mentally. Stress can last for a moment or linger around for a life-time. Stress can appear as early as childhood, adolescence, or perhaps not until years after becoming an adult. Stress shows its face in the tiniest fashions or in the boldest statements. It can be big or small, positive or negative, quickRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Stress And Health1793 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to a National Institute of Mental Health article on stress and health, stress is defined â€Å"any change in the environment that requires your body to react and adjust in response.† The body reacts to these changes with physical, mental, and emotional responses. Not all stress is bad, though. In fact, stress responses can be life-saving in necessary situations. The chemicals and hormones released during a stress response prepare the body to face a threat or flee to safety, this is commonlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Stress Management3217 Words   |  13 PagesAbstract Stress is part of life and can be negative or positive. While a person does not always have control over the stressors in one’s life, he or she does have control over how one chooses to handle them. Stress management is a key element to having a rewarding, pleasant life. Recognizing the signs of oncoming stress or stressful situations, using techniques to eliminate or minimize the stress, and accepting that stress is an everyday human experience can help a person better deal with the effectsRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Workplace Stress1387 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace stress comes in endless types of reactions and is different from employee to employee. According to Hitt, Miller, Colella in Organizational Behavior, stress is a feeling of tension that occurs when a person perceives that a situation is about to exceed her ability to cope and consequently could endanger their well-being. Job stress is the feeling that one’s capabilities, resources, or needs to not match the demands or requirements of the job. In today’s world everybody deals with some sortRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Students With Stress Management927 Words   |  4 PagesRelief Stress is something everyone deals with on different levels and in different ways. Stress can originate from daily hassles, bad time management, and big life changing decisions. College is where all three of these appear to meet; whether it be deciding what career to chase, the impending terror of midterms, or what to eat for lunch stress is surrounding college students. If universities do not look into ways of helping students with stress management, than students are not only at risk of

The Bluest Eye Relationship Between Race And Beauty

One of the significant themes that Morrison s, The Bluest Eye scrutinizes is the relationship between race and beauty. The novel examines how white society s view of beauty serves to degrade, ignore, and criticize African Americans. The Bluest Eye depicts the story of an eleven-year-old black girl, Pecola Breedlove, who desires have blue eyes on the grounds that she sees herself and is viewed by most of the characters in the novel as â€Å"ugly.† The standard of â€Å"beauty† that her peers aspire to is personified by the young white child actress, Shirley Temple, who has desirable blue eyes. White standards of beauty, an affection of the â€Å"blue-eyed, blonde haired look, are forced upon the black individuals who personalize such social standards, tolerating rejection as real and undeniable, and being not able to meet such standards. They are degraded in their own eyes, producing self-hatred and internalized racial disgust. This perception of their own inadequacy an d the mediocrity of their race, when all is said, is strengthened every day through their connections with white individuals and the admired white culture in their general surroundings. Morrison reveals insight into the shielded and implicit truth that everybody to some degree is racist. In The Bluest Eye, by utilizing direct portrayals, symbolic imagery, and racial tension in a black society, Morrison exhibits the darkness of undeniable racism in American society. The novel opens with a description of an ideal perfectShow MoreRelatedThe Scrutiny Of Race And Beauty Within The Bluest Eye1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scrutiny of Race and Beauty within The Bluest Eye One of the significant themes that Morrison s, The Bluest Eye scrutinizes is the relationship between race and beauty. Rather how the predominant racial society’s point of view about beauty serves to degrade, ignore, and criticize different races by that compelling the affection of the domineering group by attaining the constancy of its eminence over less popular groups viewed by society. The Bluest Eye depicts the story of an eleven-year-oldRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1189 Words   |  5 PagesA standard of beauty is established by the society in which a person lives and then supported by its members in the community. In the novel The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, we are given an extensive understanding of how whiteness is the standard of beauty through messages throughout the novel that whiteness is superior. Morrison emphasizes how this ideality distorts the minds and lives of African-American women and children. He emphasizes that in order for African-America n women to survive in aRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1598 Words   |  7 Pages in The Bluest Eye, racism has been approached in a very exceptional way. The characters in Morrison’s novel are subjected to adopt a set of values that are separated by the complexion of their skin. The black community in the novel has accepted white standards of beauty, judging Maureen’s light frail skin to be beautiful and that of Pecola’s dark skin to be ugly. These standards arise to Pecola’s desire to have â€Å"the bluest eyes.†. During the 1940’s, Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye examinesRead MoreAnalysis Of Tony Morrison s The Bluest Eye 2073 Words   |  9 Pages05-14-15 Race and Gender in the Bluest Eye In the Bluest Eye, Tony Morrison shows beauty and the value of it from the viewpoint of the black’s and how people in black society impose the white standards onto its people. Pecola Breedlove is an African American girl who longs to be loved and accepted in all communities especially her own. She lives in a world where members of her own race define aesthetic beauty based on white culture. Pecola has an odd transfixion of having the bluest eyes as she seesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Bluest Eye 1484 Words   |  6 PagesWithin The Bluest Eye, as in real life, black people, no matter their wealth or education, are constantly faced with the assumptions and demands of a Eurocentric dominated world. Some of these involve encounters with actual people, as when white furniture movers refuse to take back the Breedlove’s torn couch, or when a white candy store owner displays his contemptuous indifference towards Pecola because she’s black. In the novel,Morrison l ooks deeply into the personality of her characters, exploringRead More Conforming to Beauty in The Bluest Eye Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pagescharacters within The Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, all attempt to conform to a standard of beauty in some way. This standard of beauty is established by the society in which they live, and then supported by members of the community. Beauty is also linked with respect and happiness. Both people who reach the standard of beauty, and those who try, are never really satisfied with who they are. This never-ending race to become beautiful has devastating effects on their relationships and their own self-esteemRead MoreTheme Of Racism In The Bluest Eye924 Words   |  4 Pagescolloquial speech. Although racism is an epidemic, so is same-race discrimination. In the novel â€Å"The Bluest Eye,† written by Toni Morrison, this idea of same-race discrimination is given the limelight throughout. The novel focuses on the African American community within Lorain, Ohio and the complexities of physical beauty and social status that lean over its residents. A character emphasized for her entitlement and being one who practices same-race discrimination, Geraldine has become even more despisedRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1409 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent cultures play in developing one’s sense of self. Bildungsroman literature in the 20th century embodies the virtues of different authors’ contexts and cultures, influencing the fictional stories of children’s lives around the world.. The Bluest Eye is a 1970 publication by Toni Morrison set in 1940s Ohio in America, focal around the consequence of racism in an American community on the growth of a child, distinct in its use of a range of narrative perspectives. Annie John by Jamaica KincaidRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1462 Words   |  6 PagesBildungsroman literature in the 20th century embodies the virtues of different authors’ contexts and cultures, influencing the fictional stories of children’s lives around the world.. The Bluest Eye is a 1970 publication by Toni Morrison set in 1940s Ohio in America, focal around the consequence of racism in an American community on the growth of a child, distinct in its use of a range of narrative perspectives. Annie John by Jamaica Kincaid is a novel s et in post colonial Antigua, published in 1985Read MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison2396 Words   |  10 PagesDevin West AP English 11 Mrs. Mariner â€Å"The Bluest Eye† Unlike so many works in the American literature that deal directly with the legacy of slavery and the years of deeply-embedded racism that followed, the general storyline of Toni Morrison’s novel, â€Å"The Bluest Eye†, does not engage directly with such events but rather explores the lingering effects by exploring and commenting on black self-hatred. Nearly all of the main characters in †The Bluest Eye†, by Toni Morrison who are African American

Movie Review The Madness Of King George III - 1216 Words

In the film, The Madness of King George, King George III suffers through a deteriorating mental state further exasperated by his declining relationship with his son, the Prince of Wales. The movie takes place in Great Britain during the 1788-1789 Regency Crisis. Realizing his father’s deteriorating mental health, the Prince of Wales aggravates his father’s condition, with the knowledge that he would become regent if the King is found incapable of leading the country. Parliament became divided with the decision. Half wished to make the young George the regent and the other wished to keep the older George as King. The King undergoes the harsh medical treatments of the time and is able to come back to parliament to thwart the regency bill and†¦show more content†¦The directors of the movie used humor to help connect you to the characters and to help lighten the mood of a scary and sad situation. For example, the scene where the King is gallivanting about the palac e in his underclothes playing hide and seek and sliding down banisters provides some comedic relief to the divisive regency crisis occurring just a couple rooms away. The colors of the costumes are bright and regal much like the colors used in the art of the late 1700’s. The colors signify the period in addition to the status of the people within the film. The types of clothes and fabrics that are used, show the wealth of the royals and royal court, in addition to the styles that were commonly worn during this time. In addition to clothing, the power and wealth of England were also shown in the set. The pristine walls of the palace provided a stark contrast to the insane behavior of King George III, further illustrating his mental disability. Nigel Hawthorne’s portrayal of King George is so spot on that it makes any viewer of the film feel as though he is actually insane. This helps the viewers connect with the King even more and really supports his portrayal as the â €Å"good-guy† of the movie. The movie is in favor of King George over his son, the Prince of Wales. The film paints the young George as a conniving power-hungry son, willing to do anything to becomeShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes inRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagespublished in Behavioral Research in Accounting; Journal of Management Accounting Research; Pacific Accounting Review; Australian Accounting Review; Accounting, Organizations and Society; and Management Accounting Research, as well as contributing chapters to books. In 2002, Jane received the FMAC Articles of Merit Award from IFAC for a co-authored article appearing in the Australian Accounting Review. Stanley Baiman is Ern st Young Professor of Accounting at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania

Bad Rap free essay sample

Bad Rap Every so often, a new style of music emerges in America. In the sass and ass, It was rap. For many years, rap brought the population of African Americans together In a changing society. They all knew how it felt to be discriminated and terrorized. Rap was what people could relate to, because they knew they were not the only ones In trouble. Now, rap has changed for the worst. Modern mainstream rap Is an embarrassment compared to the art form It used to be.Beginning In the sass, In a society where constant violent acts such as rape, murder, and shootings, rap expressed opinion and culture toward It all. When rap arose, It was In the middle of the dance craze of disco. Because of this, society did not expect rap to stick around In the long run. However, the start of many talented artists and the amount of boundaries the artists crossed for free expression caught the attention of the society. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Rap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Around the early-to-mid nineties artists that are considered the best of all time, such as. Outpace and Biggie, released albums. They were known for their flow, their art form, and the way a story was told in each song. After the era of Outpace and Biggie, the genre of rap has gone to the gutters. Many people may disagree that the entire genre of rap is atrocious, because no one hears what does not play on the radio. This is understandable, but insignificant. If a song is played on the radio, that means so many people like the single, that it is played over and over. It is amazing to see so many talented young and old singers around the world, yet people like Ill Wayne and Nick Minas are famous.The only reason Ill Wayne can come out with new music is that hes lucky enough Amiga rhymes with Amiga. The reason Nick Minas became famous is because not only for her crazy personality in her music, but for her outrageous clothing and hairstyles. Todays rap is for entertainment, not music. Rap consists of how many bitched and hoes they want to have, how much money they can throw in the air, all the sex they want to have, and dad pop. The people who think that rap is the cause of violence are extremely foolish.It is like saying that video Ames are the reason for gun and gang violence. Stupid people get themselves Into stupid things, Just as stupid people listen to stupid music. There are still bright sides to modern rap. An example would be Mine. He actually knows how to tell a story In a song, such as Outpace did. Many rappers get their inspiration from hitting rock bottom and use music to pick them back up. Mine found a way to communicate to the world about his struggles that are able to affect the society.He Is able to form his music Into a type of poetry that Is not Just for entertainment and he uses Intellect ore than wit. Rap started with a solid foundation of major rappers and was able to create a genre where many people could relate. Few years went on as many of the greatest rappers were established and credited for their music. Since then, few artists should be known for their amazing music. Rap may still be a large and popular genre, but It Is one of the most disliked. Every so often, a new style of music emerges in America. In the sass and ass, it was rap.For many years, rap brought the population of African Americans together in a as what people could relate to, because they knew they were not the only ones in trouble. Now, rap has changed for the worst. Modern mainstream rap is an embarrassment compared to the art form it used to be. Beginning in the sass, in a expressed opinion and culture toward it all. When rap arose, it was in the middle of the dance craze of disco. Because of this, society did not expect rap to stick around in as, Outpace and Biggie, released albums. They were known for their flow, their art form, Nick Mina] are famous.The only reason Ill Wayne can come out with new music is hat hes lucky enough Amiga rhymes with Amiga. The reason Nick Mina] became games are the reason for gun and gang violence. Stupid people get themselves into in a song, such as Outpace did. Many rappers get their inspiration from hitting rock the world about his struggles that are able to affect the society. He is able to form his music into a type of poetry that is not Just for entertainment and he uses intellect be known for their amazing music. Rap may still be a large and popular genre, but it is one of the most disliked. Bad Rap free essay sample Beginning in the sass, in a society where constant violent acts such as rape, murder, and shootings, rap expressed opinion and culture award it all. When rap arose, it was in the middle of the dance craze of disco. Because of this, society did not expect rap to stick around in the long run. However, the Start Of many talented artists and the amount Of boundaries the artists crossed for free expression caught the attention of the society. Around the early-to-mid nineties artists that are considered the best of all time, such as, Tuba and Biggie, released albums.They were known for their flow, their art form, and the way a story was told in each song. After the era of Tuba and Biggie, the genre of rap has gone to the gutters. Many people may agrees that the entire genre of rap is atrocious, because no one hears what does not play on the radio. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Rap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is understandable, but insignificant. If a song is played on the radio, that means so many people like the single, that it is played over and over. It is amazing to see so many talented young and old singers around the world, yet people like Ill Wayne and Nick Minas are famous.The only reason Ill Wayne can come out with new music is that hes lucky enough Amiga rhymes with Amiga. The reason Nick Minas became famous is because not only for her crazy personality in her music, but for her outrageous clothing and hairstyles. Todays rap is for entertainment, not music. Rap consists of how many pitches and hoes they want to have, how much money they can throw in the air, all the sex they want to have, and dad pop. The people who think that rap is the cause of violence are extremely foolish.It is like saying that video games are the reason for gun and gang violence. Stupid people get themselves into stupid things, just as stupid people listen to stupid music. There are still bright sides to modern rap. An example would be Amine. He actually knows how to tell a story in a song, such as Tuba did. Many rappers get their inspiration from hitting rock OTTOMH and use music to pick them back up. Amine found a way to communicate to the world about his struggles that are able to affect the society.He is able to form his music into a type of poetry that is not just for entertainment and he uses intellect more than wit. Rap started with a solid foundation of major rappers and was able to create a genre where many people could relate. Few years went on as many Of the greatest rappers were established and credited for their music. Since then, few artists should be known for their amazing music. Rap may still be a large and popular genre, but it is one of the most disliked.

Corporate Social Responsibility of Wesfarmers-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Review the companys corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting in its annual reports for 2017 and 2015. 2.Visit the companys website and review its CSR reporting on the website. Answers: 1.Wesfarmers does their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting in a well-structured way. In the annual report, Wesfarmers reported about four major dimensions of their CSR activities; they are Development of People, Waste and Water use, Ethical Sourcing and Human Rights, and Climate Change Resilience (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). These four factors have been the major aspects of reporting for Wesfarmers. Under people development, one major concern of the company is to ensure the safety of their employees. In this part, Wesfarmers uses to publish rate of total recoded injury frequency against lost time injury frequency rate (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). Other aspects of reporting were employee training and development program, workplace relation, diversity and others. Under ethical resourcing and human rights, Wesfarmers reported about their ethical sourcing audit programs. Under climate change reliance, Wesfarmers reported about their different activities for fighting with the issue of climate change. In addition, the annual report of Wesfarmers also includes details about their initiatives towards development of community, reduction in waste and water use (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). The theme of CSR reporting for Wesfarners is to create value for their customers, shareholders, employees and communities with the help of various CSR and sustainability initiatives. Wesfarmers considers that value creation is only possible by serving the people of community and environment (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). Many similarities and differences can be observed in Wesfarmerss CSR reporting from 2017 to 2015. The theme of CSR reporting has been the same from 2015 to 2017 that is value creation. In 2017, Wesfarmers provided their sustainability achievements in tabular form at the starting of CSR reporting that is not there in 2016 and 2015 (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). In 2017, 2016 and 2015, same four CSR dimensions can be seen that are Development of People, Waste and Water use, Ethical Sourcing and Human Rights, and Climate Change Resilience. However, overall basis, the provided base of CSR information is same across the three years . 2.From observing the CSR reporting of Wesfarmers from their websites, it can be observed that the company did report about some major CSR factors; they are people, sourcing, community, environment, indigenous engagement and others. Under people, Wesfarmers reported about safety of their employees, various development programs to enhance their career opportunities and diversity in workplace (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). After that, Wesfarmers also reported about their business sourcing that includes the relation of Wesfarmers with their suppliers. In addition, Wesfarmers also provided information about the development of their working condition and supply chain in this section. Apart from this, Wesfarmers also reported about their different community partnership programs under CSR reporting in their website. On the other hand, Wesfarmers reported about their initiatives to challenge the climate change issue along with other environmental initiatives. Wesfarmers also reported about their i nitiatives to provide equal opportunities at workplace (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). The theme of CSR reporting of Wesfarmers in website is to create long-term values for their customers, employees, stakeholders and communities. According to Wesfarmers, it can be done by engaging with local communities. In addition, long-term value can be created by taking initiatives to minimize the impact of their business on the environment (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). There is not any major difference between the CSR reporting of Wesfarmers in annual report and in website. In case of the theme of CSR reporting, it is same in both annual reports and websites that is value creation by various CSR initiatives (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). However, the amount of information in website is more than that of in annual reports. Various dimensions of CSR reporting in annual reports are mentioned in details in website CSR reporting of Wesfarmers (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). However, in both of the cases, the motive of Wesfarmers is same that is to report about their various CSR initiatives. References Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).2016 Annual Report. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/reports/2016-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=4 [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Annual Report 2015. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/reports/2015-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=4 [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Annual Report 2017. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/2017-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=0 [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Community. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/our-impact/community [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Environment. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/our-impact/environment [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Our impact. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/our-impact/our-impact [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).People. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/our-impact/people [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Sourcing. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/our-impact/sourcing [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017].