Key concepts of culture and leadership. Problem statement Essay

Key concepts of culture and leadership. Problem averment - Essay ExampleThe success that element matchless has had in eight short years has presented a quandary concerning the strategic path Gene Ones future. Should Gene One execute of strategy of constancy and continuity? Will this type of strategy keep Gene Ones competitors from gaining prime on Gene Ones share of the market place over the next some(prenominal) years? After careful consideration of these perplexing questions, the leadership of Gene One has decided an jump off strategy, as Gene One has not achieved all that they have by continuity alone. Gene One has taken risks that were founded on sound strategy and faith that intelligent men and women with innovative ideas and unsurpassed depend upon and passion cannot be stopped. These type of people are winners and they accomplish their goals. These factors set the stage for constantly evolving ideas that provided five-fold benefits that were accomplished in record tim e. Seldom has this type of success been achieved in the biotech industry which is considered a forged business in some cases. That said, the Gene One leadership has decided that Gene One must be given an opportunity to experience its maximum growth potential before some boorish back organization with lucrative investors siphon off strategic market areas previously held by Gene One.As with any strategy, there are risks involved. However, out-of-pocket to Gene Ones financial stability, tender leadership and growth potential, these risks are just obstacle that can be turned into positive opportunities. please note the followingWhile IPO capital is of extreme importance concerning Gene Ones preparations to go public, this topic can not be considered if it does not include job security and sparing packages that reward the founders, board members and essential personnel at Gene One for their contributions that have led to the meteorologic rise of Gene One over an eight-year timefra me. This is not a difficult problem to solve due to the strategy that

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Management - Essay ExampleIt must be noted that the r level(p)ues generated by these non utility devising organization ar retained in the organization for self preservation or even for expansion (Worth 2011). In most countries, nonprofit devising organizations are exempted from taxation. The Nonprofit qualification organizations employs many pile and offers operate to the masses freely. It is in this regard, that the Government pardons them and exempts them from the compulsory tax (Gary 2006). An example of a nonprofit making organization is the Nature Conservancy. It is a charitable association based in the United States of America that whole kit and caboodle to preserve animals, lay outs and the natural communities which represent Earths diversity. They do this by protecting the environment. The organization has helped plant over a billion trees all over the world and it intends to plant 2 billion trees by the year 2015. It has an effort to reclaim 2,500,000 acres and make the place habitable for animals. It selects areas it seeks to preserve by analyzing what is needed in those areas and what can be done to ensure that the preservation of local ecosystems is done. A nonprofit making organization should work with almost all sectors of society in order to achieve its goals (Worth 2011). This includes businesses, partner organizations, political sympathies agencies and individuals. The company has also embraced Debt swaps. This is a tool which is used to encourage third world countries to set estate aside for conservation in exchange for forgiveness of foreign debt. In the past, nonprofit organizations have relied on donor giving and public accompaniment as their main source of revenue (Hartigan 2006). However, after the 1970s the many of the nonprofit making organizations have become increasingly involved in the selling of go and many other commercial activities (Worth 2011). This front has been referred to by many as the commercialization of n onprofit organizations. This trend of commercialization has resulted into a fierce debate which up to now remains unsolved (Gary 2006). There are those who support commercialization and there are those who reject it. Those who are in favor of commercialization advocate that, commercialization has allowed the nonprofit organizations to be more self sufficient at this time when government funding for nonprofit organizations has been drastically reducing (Worth 2011). On the other hand, those against commercialization have argued that with commercialization, nonprofit organizations will revolve around on making more money and indeed deviate from their original goal which was to offer services to the masses (Hartigan 2006). The risks associated with having a nonprofit enterprise are many. For example, due to the tax exemption the managers of nonprofit making organization can fraudulently steal money from the association as the organizations are not audited by the IRS (Gary 2006). On the other hand, the societies can also lose sight of their mission by engaging too much in business. The benefits of having a nonprofit organization are also many for example, the organizations can sufficiently run their own activities without the need for donor funding (Alvarado 2000). It becomes hard for nonprofit organizations to sufficiently plan for certain(prenominal) activities because donor funding is not constant. However, with sales they can predict the patterns and thus sufficiently plan for the prospective (Hartigan 2006). Part III Long Essay Question In this study we are going to critique the nonprofit organization Nature conservancy. The organization had an income of approximately $925,817,441. The organization used approximately $525,789,657. The fundraising costs thus seemed balanced. The expenses used in fundraising should not be more than the

Personal reflection on learning Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal coefficient of reflection on cultivation - Term Paper ExampleThis paper explores my reflection on this furcateicular aspect. The traditional method of teaching, which c whollys for a passive role from the part of the learners, has already been out-of-date and no longer considered the norm or the standard for best teaching practices. What this means is that in the schoolroom setting such as in my Marketing class, students ar expected to participate and be part of the learning process. Gone were the days when learners wait to be spoon-fed with the subjects contents. That is widely accepted as ineffective. thither are evidences that could attest to this fact and that the conventional demagoguery has been exchanged for the current more progressive approach in a logical progression of evolution in education. The prevailing idea is that learning should be experiential. The student, unitedly with the teacher, explores and discovers concept and issues, which underpins a frame work that is both engaging and effective especially in terms of achieving learning objectives. Learning a marketing concept, for instance, is not about the assimilation of a conceptual explanation of the teacher but the assimilation through the discovery of such concept, as facilitated by the instructor. This is particularly more say in the case of teaching or learning the marketing field. Marketing is all about relationships it is all about persuasion, information and experience. Our class learned this indirectly by simulating those processes. Such simulation could not deplete transpired without the contribution of each student. For example, in doing activities like group works, I discovered that beingness able to influence assigned tasks and roles are crucial in achieving positive learning outcomes. First, there was the structure we assign leading and followers. Then, there was the negotiation. Say, I provide some inputs why this student will be better in this task or this ro le, so the assignments are revised. Because of respect for other peoples opinion, we were able to ward off conflicts that could have resulted to poor outcome. Instead, we effectively harnessed diverse perspectives. So it is imperative for students learning this field to be able to navigate through the learning issues and the socialization process involved and should not entidepose rely on the source of knowledge or of an expertise. I also would like to cite the benefit of being curious. This worked for me especially when students are encouraged to ask questions, engage in a dialogue and discuss issues. There are times when lectures could be so silent, however participative the teacher encourages it to be. Then I ask a question or raise something thought provoking. And it contributes to making the discussion livelier and more engaging. Other students also do this and I found that we could only ask and raise issues, and participate better if we came to school prepared or knowledgeabl e. If I assumed a passive position in the learning process, I would have contributed postal code to the manner by which knowledge is gained and internalized. More importantly, I would have encouraged an ineffectual learning environment. I would like to cite a theory we have learned as an example. The law of supply and get is a pretty straightforward concept we have learned and a notion that is widely

Annotated Bibliography Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Annotated Bibliography - Coursework ExampleThe article is very relevant to the catch of modalities of business operations today. The change from traditional diversification of operations within the borders of a country substituted with the good growth that extends to other parts of the world. According to the article, the improved performance of the business entities emanates from the shift in regulations and scotch reforms that date back to early 1990s. The author is right in his assertion that the changes in the regulation and structures of the Indian business improve the integration of the Indian economy globally. The integration is in the form of the business do an investment in other countries across the world making them multinationals. The primary weakness of the article lies in its indication that vertical growth is effective and efficient compared to internal diversification. Compared to vertical growth through alimentation of a single line of business engagement, diver sification is essential for an organization that seeks security so that a failure in one sector does not cripple the operations of a business organization.The plain aimed at elucidating impacts of the individual employee and group efficacy in the execution of assigned responsibilities. The investigators also seek to scan the impact of perceptions of the employees on the management of contribution of the employees to the overall output in an organization.

The problem of realism in Animation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The problem of naturalism in Animation - Essay ExampleThe essay The problem of realism in Animation analyzes he issue with Realism in the context of animation. Contemporary film issue has and currently, is undergoing a rapid makeover ever since the onset of digital revolution. Film makers today, storyboard, shoot and edit their films with the assistance of data processor manipulation of images commonly referred to as digital imagery. With respect to the ordinary audience, the most evident relevance of these technologies is the bracing wave of computer generated and computer enhanced special effects which are capable of generating outstanding graphic images which have conquered new heights and reached the epitome of visual excellence. Examples include the watery creature in The Alyss (1989) or the glistening, irregular shaped Terminator 2 (1991). The images viewed in these movies were unlike any of those witnessed previously. However, such swift transformations and the result ch anges is creating grave setbacks for film theory for the reason that the digital manipulation of ordinary images is so original and the fastidious potential it presents are so unparalleled, that its impact on cinematic depiction as well as on the viewers reaction are inadequately understood. This paper seeks to analyze, explore and discuss the various aspects involved in animation with respect to its relativity to realism. Realism in visual arts and literature refers to the representation of themes, exposit and characters as they appear in everyday life, devoid of exaggeration.

Portfolio of Work Completed in Harbin Bank Term Paper

Portfolio of Work Completed in Harbin Bank - limit Paper ExampleAdditionally, the affirmers magazine of china ranks Harbin bank at position 9 among the companies that take with assets of more than 80 billion Yuan in the whole country. Harbin banks mission argument is to create profits to her sh arholders, make clients get more value, make the employees have hope in their time to come and also create wealth to the society. This is in line with her philosophy of inclusive finance and harmoniously getting rich. Being based in the Northeast of China, Harbin bank is geared to supporting the SMEs and also in creating an international micro credit bank which is renowned. Harbin bank made a sharp decision to offer loans to small and mean(a) size enterprises (SMEs) since 2004 and the shifting of the focus to the SMEs has solved the pecuniary problems of the SMEs. Harbin banks small loans are classified into four main parts, namely, loans for farmers, loans for small enterprises, loans for personal consumption, and loans for micro-enterprises. match to the banks financial statement, by the end of 2009, the small loan bank balance was 18.933 billion Yuan. This accounted for 60% of the banks total credit asset. ... The focus of my work specifically was in issuing of loans to the small and the medium sized enterprises. As part of the orientation to the company and to renaissance myself to the processes in the bank, the manager assigned bingle of the employees who was knowledgeable and very familiar with the processes of lending of the money to help me with most of the work. After some time, with the service I got from her, I got the whole idea and came to learn the whole process of issuing of the loans. This improved the easing of my working days with the bank. The initial step in the process of lending was communication between the customer with the bank. Moreover, the company which needs the money need to have a meeting with the bank for the purpose of share-ou t information between the bank and the company. The information arrives at a common agreement on the dictated down conditions between the two parties. During this process we ask questions concerning the condition of the company. For instance, how much they need, their plans for the loan, the number of creditors and the number of the debtors and the verifying they plan to pledge. After analyzing their application and their documents, we give them information on how much the bank is willing and undecided of lending them and their required payback amount. If the two parties strike a common ground in the talks table then, we ask the company to prepare materials for the bank to process the loan. The documents we always request to be provided are supposed to be original and their copies and they include company ownership documents, licenses of the business, loan application, financial report smashing verification report, tax registration certificate among others.

Domestic and International Terrorism and Cyberterrorism Essay

Domestic and International Terrorism and Cyberterrorism - Essay ExampleThe use of the meshwork has led to variant threats due to its exploitation by a terrorist. First, terrorists bemuse for a time exploited the internet. The exploitation by the terrorist has led to the emergence of the new form of terrorism known as cyber-terrorism. As a result, it has incur a direct threat to both the national and foreign security. The threat has been due to the usage of the internet to further terrorist activities. For example, the terrorist has relied on technology in developing propaganda, recruit, and at the same time train pursuit (Gable, n.d.). The effectiveness of the internet in advancing these activities should be viewed as an increased threat to individual countries and the international communities.Secondly, there has been a rise of websites that glorifies terrorist activities. For example, some of the terrorist groups create sites that are likely to advance their course. In fact, mess have a habit of visiting such sites that venerate such acts. Such sites may excessively act as a ground for training new members and also as a focus of soliciting for financial support (Gable, n.d.). In fact, the use of the internet may also make more businesslike to plan an attack without easy identification of the criminals involved (Gable, n.d.).The other threat is in increased giving number of people that can be targeted by cyber-terrorism. The rise of technology has made it possible for the terrorist to have a new population target.

Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Political Science - Es offer ExampleThe policies which are given up as recommendations seem to be quite useable for those who defend the consensus since they call it necessary for progress. Supporters of the cap Consensus say that following these recommendations can only lead to greater economic independence for debt laden countries and it is a lead which leads to the schooling of the industrial and services sector. However, those who couple the policies say that the Washington Consensus is merely a method for the States and other developed nations to enter new markets and exploit their resources (Williamson, 2000).Both sides have been quite vocal near their feelings and each highlights the successes and the failures of the consensus. The supporters of the Washington Consensus say that many people misunderstand the recommendations since they are not universally applicable to all nations at all times. Instead of looking at the consensus as forced neo-liberal policies, the polici es should be seen as recommendations coming from those who have achieved economic development to those who have yet to achieve it (Harvard University, 2003).On the other hand, those who oppose the policies recommended by the Washington bodies say that the policies are mandated in connected to grants and aid money. Even when the policies have been implemented, they ofttimes lead to the country running into a economic crisis which brings more misery for the people than economic development (Harvard University, 2003). Clearly, the difference of opinion warrants a deeper understanding of the policies themselves since they appear to be quite controversial.The primary policies under the Washington Consensus have been outlined by Williamson (2000) as the implementation of monetary discipline in terms of bighearted trade and public expenditure and investments in projects that give economic returns to the people. The alleviation of poverty and

Managing Financial Risks Within Event Industry Essay

Managing monetary Risks Within Event Industry - Essay ExampleThe methodology revolved around a check over of past and recent literature on financial stake management in the military issue industry. The get hold of found out that cost-cutting measures and strategic investment are key strategies that feature in many of the take chances management methods in literature. Introduction The element of risk in the event industry is one of the factors that breed to attract the concern of managers, financial analysts, and financial managers. The industry is one of the most challenging in the instinct that it concerns itself with fluid and flexible systems that are dependent on uncertain realities in the field of investment (Robinson, Wale, & Dickson, 2010). As such, the event industry has a higher element of risk when compared to the other industries. Many companies strike suffered operative losses, drops in financial positions, and even permanent closures due to the unpredictable an d risky aspects of the industry (Raj, & Musgrave, 2009). The element of risk arises due to multiple factors including hostile operating environments, rising costs of logistics, changing preferences of the clients, and adverse regulatory practices (Pelham, 2011). In order to shield themselves against the adverse effects of the global markets, many players in the industry have devised divers(a) financial management strategies that range from cost-cutting measures to enhancement of the efficiency of processes within the industry. Some of the financial management strategies have proved highly effective era others fail to produce significant results in terms of bring down the element of risk (OToole, 2002). However, the dominant methods of risk management are related to the need to develop two long term and short term strategies that can help revamp the state of the economy in ways that are both effective and strategic (Robinson, Wale, & Dickson, 2010). The methods employed by the di fferent companies often facilitate as the competitive advantage as they enable the companies to operate at higher levels of profitability in ways that safeguard against negative effects on the business environment (Anderson, 2010). As such it becomes essential to regard the operations of these companies within the manner in which they enable the determination of value and other systems of surgical process. notable companies in the event industry such as 3D Exhibits, Aspen, BroadStreet, Event Marketing Strategies, and EWI World enormous have managed to survive adverse market conditions through a range of strategies that enhance and strengthen their essential systems. In order to survive inflationary pressures and the effects of competition, some companies have changed their ways of operation by diversifying into various fields. Companies have added the range of services as a way of increasing the flow of revenues while reducing the overheads incurred in the running of the busine ss processes (Robinson, Wale, & Dickson, 2010). As such, it becomes important to consider the fact that most of the strategies connected with the objective of lessening the element of risk are determined in accordance with the type of the event company. Other determinants are the level of competition, the nature of the market, and other external and internal factors that relate to the determination of performance within the industry (Robinson, Wale,

Emperor Qinshihuang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

emperor moth Qinshihuang - Essay Examplewhen the republic set movement to become incorporate, by about 221 B.C., during which time he provided leadership and direction to the province. Emperor Qin Shi Huang was the jump base Emperor of this new and Unified China, and his reign, first as king and then as Emperor, stretched from 246 to 210 B.C. To be fair, it should be illustrious the Emperor is come ined to be quite a tyrannical figure in Chinese report. This was presumable necessitated by the fact, however, that he had to struggle to keep the country unified during this initial stage of China universe governed by an Emperor, particularly during the first part of his reign. It was a paradox of sorts, as this 35 year regain of power by the Emperor saw both dandy advances in cultural and intellectual pursuits, just also resulted in great amounts of destruction throughout the land (Donn & Donn 2003). Perhaps owing to this reason, there atomic number 18 different schools o f thought when considering the perceived greatness of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Yet, history cannot erase the fact that the first emperor of a unified China must be considered when broaching any discussion about what forms the foundation of the country that we know today. The basis for modern day China can current be traced substantiate elan before the time of Christ, with the line of emperors that sough to advance the region into the most powerful and greatest country on earth. At the time that the Emperor came into power, China had really been ravaged by division. As such, the root word of the country was in tatters, and there was little direction about how the country would experience any suit of progress (Wood 2008). The people really did need a strong leader if they were going to advance as a civilization, so it was almost by necessity that Emperor Qin Shi Huang ruled with an iron fist so to speak. This dominate and charismatic leader, however, was able to accomplish a great deal during the 35 years he held onto the position of emperor. Some of the many accomplishments entailed the numerous construction projects completed, adding greatly to the vitality of the region (Feuchtwang 2011). In addition, history shows us that China began to develop its own distinct culture and tradition during this time, as well as becoming known for its intellectual pursuits that be still marveled at today. In the end, however, there was also great destruction throughout the country as there were many who did not seek a unified China of this fashion, but the emperor was able to hang on. To understand how he did this, it would help to go back to the beginning and work our way forward. There is not tremendously reliable evidence about the line and family lineage of Qin Shi Huang. It is widely believed that he was born as an illegitimate chid, and we are not entirely certain of his birth father of record (Wilkinson 2000). Just as today, illegitimate children in China are frow ned upon a bit in the social hierarchy, so this likely contributed to some of the negative criticism aimed at the First Emperor. History today does shed a bit different of a light on the record of his birth, but the evidence is still not conclusive. The reality is, however, that we know Qin Shi Huang become unified Chinas first Emperor at the early age of 13. Even though such young rulers are not unheard of in ancient civilization, this emperor actually ruled by proxy for the first 8 years, as Lu Buwei was the figure head and decision maker during that time. Buewi was the modern day akin of Prime Minister and, interestingly, is the person

Sexual offender registration laws Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sexual offender registration laws - experimental condition Paper ExampleThe paper tells that the origins of Megans Law can be traced from parents/guardians right to know if a desperate sexualityual predator moves into their neighborhood and to protect communities from sexual offenders. Megan was kidnapped, raped and murdered by a monstrous sexual offender living in their neighborhood. Her parents circulated a petition demanding immediate legislative action. The petition amassed everyplace 400,000 signatures, and the law was passed in 89 days. In accordance with Megans Law, federally known as The Jacob Wetterling Act in 1994, amended in 1998 with Section 115 of the General Provisions of Title I of the Departments of Commerce, Justice and State, the Judiciary, and think Agencies Appropriations Act (CJSA) provide that bring ups are required to register sex offenders and perform community notification. However, each state differs in terms of how it administers the information/meth ods of registrations. Lavenson notes that bill stipulates sex offenders to be prohibited from living within 1,000 feet of a school, day care center, church, and anywhere where children are known to congregate, including parks, playgrounds, and bus stops and therefore, is not a concrete solution. Under Georgia law, sec 5, revised paragraph 10, of sexual offenders classification change and enact provisions, sex crimes include child sexual abuse, child molestation, aggravated child molestation, to entice children for indecent reasons, to sexually act children, transports a child to a location in order to molest the child., Sexual exploitation of a child downloading pornographic material of persons nether the age of 18, child pornography, sexual battery, aggravated sodomy, rape and til now kidnapping of a minor.(5) http//www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/106632.pdf Regulations regarding sexual offender registration The Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI) is accountable for reg istration of sexual offenders in accordance with O.C.G.A. 42-1-12. Sec 20(a) provides that a sexual offender is an individualwho has been convicted of a criminal offensive activity against a minor or any dangerous sexual offense under the laws of another state or territory, under the laws of the United States, Uniform Code of Military Justice, or in a tribal court of a criminal offense against a minor or a dangerous sexual offense. The term sexual offender is a broad term, with sexual predator being used to describe a more severe physical or repeat sexual offense (Travis, Jeremy). Sexually dangerous predator is defined in sec 21(a) as a person who was designated as a sexually dangerous predator between July 1, 1996, and June 30, 2006 or a person who is determined by the Sexual Offender Registration Review Board to be at risk of perpetrating any incoming dangerous sexual

Positioning and Communications Strategy for a New Weight-Loss Drug Essay

Positioning and communications Strategy for a New Weight-Loss Drug Overweight Adults in the U.S - Essay ExampleShe was the keep companys senior director of market. Her 20 years of experience in the industry as the marketing mastermind of prescription medicines for the company helped it achieve these profitable heights (Friedhoff 45). In the recent past, she was responsible for leading vi drug campaigns for the companys most successful drug called Zimistat. Up-to-date the company has not had another(prenominal) successful drug in comparison to Zimistat. In this quality, Barbaras first order of business was growth a reliable positioning strategy and practicable marketing communication strategy for the drug. In 2008, the company awaited patiently for FDA approval with plans of launching the product in the next year. Executive Summary Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP) publicize a first of its kind prescription drug FDA approved drug tailored for moderately gruelling indi viduals named Metabical. The company conducted trial on overweight participants who reached their expected weight loss goals in 12 weeks. condescension the delays in pricing, the company estimated the price of the drug as $3-$5 per day. The least treatment period cover 12 weeks. This report sheds light on the development of a reliable positioning strategy and viable marketing communication strategy for the companys drug. ... This also aids in the identification of dominance market targets. The third section is the SWOT analysis for the product. This identifies the potential strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the drug. Thus, the company identifies the communication strategy to view in the advertising of the drug. The final focus is the most appropriate communication strategy that suits best the drug. This is opportune as the company enhances better communication with the consumers. The company spent much money and time on FDA trials and in R&D in trying to deci de on the most appropriate marketing communications strategy and positioning plan. Barbara was aware that so as to recover this lump sum investment, the drug required two issues addressed. These included the need for a steady, long-term demand, and a successful launch to get customers. She reasoned that if the drug did not reach out and appeal to the customers, Metabicals credibility would raise questions as the FDA approval would be of little significance. Barbaras challenges came in the optimal segmentation, the positioning and targeting of the Metabical drug. After establishing this, she could now foreshorten her energies on creating a time schedule for all major activities and assessing the current communicating and marketing strategies. The case studies helped her in posing several questions. These include a. Who are the most suited target consumers? b. How are the participants dismissal to get instructions from the company? c. Where are the participants coming from and how to contact them? d. What was the most appropriate message for pitch shot drafted for the participants? Problem Statement A summary of overweight and obesity issue in the U.S. In graphic symbol to

Work, People and Productivity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Work, People and Productivity - Essay Examplesses bring in questioning and interactive transformational process, it makes jobs more satisfactory by ensuring substantial reduction in the address of recruitment. Furthermore, it enhances retaining of experienced workforce while motivating them to increase the productive levels of the business. As part of mellowedly true company, I would be resilient and mindful towards motivating the employees on their duties while assessing the capabilities for assured performance.The hassle of high reliableness and assertiveness has become an important issue towards the business development. As such, high reliability aims at ensuring that employees work under conducive environment that is free and fair to allow them have expansive thoughts on innovative elements vital to the organizational success. Based on the security concern of the overall organization, high reliability should prioritize on a culture of a better attitude. Such concentration ai ms to decentralizes and embrace decisions of bring down less productive members of the business. Based on ethics and humanity and as a reliability manager, I would use the authority bestowed in me to learn and change employees through incidents and accident free environments as illustrated by (Miller, 2009).Applying reliability ideas in an organization, I should remain competitive in an increasingly dynamic environment, as a leader will have to help employees learn to cope with the tension of conflicting aims in contrasted having conflicting goals that cause confusion within an organization (Persil, 2014). Putting myself into the place of a reliable leader, I should identify both adaptive and technical problems like this form than foundation in tackling any problem that befalls leadership responsibility. Due to constant changes experienced within the business parameters, safety of employees has become a heartbreaking challenge to most leaders. Therefore, I should employ the best strategies that comply with the current conditions that would

ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment ExampleUsers can hence withdraw money from their NationHela cards using the readily available mobile phone money canalize schemes. Alternatively, a user can pay for purchases using the loaded NationHela card at outlets that accept calculate cards. Using a NationHela debit card is extremely convenient for most people as it eliminates the risks intricate in carrying cash. One does not also need to go to the bank for each withdrawal since the arranging allows users to withdraw money through their mobile phones. NationHela is the best money steer method, for Kenyan freelancers to use in receiving money from afield because it is dependable, trus cardinalrthy, and versatile. The advert is trying to sell NationHela as dependable way of receiving money from abroad and does so in a manner that psychologically and visually convinces the reader. It employs factors such as symbolism, coloration, and psychological manipulation. The African people have always visualized the doll ar as a symbol of financial exemption and emancipation from poverty. Portraying the money in US dollars plays with the readers mind such that it gives the whim of added wealth. This way, a reader is convinced that they are going to experience the much needed financial button if they use the NationHela card. Therefore, NationHela is a dependable way for freelancers to improve their financial status. saturation plays a significant component in conveying messages. The lady in the picture is wearing a strike hard top, pink necklace, pink earrings, and a blue pair of jeans. In addition, she is carrying a black and white stripped handbag and portrays an go steady of a successful, well-groomed woman. These features influence the female customers to think that using NationHela will give them success in life. knock is a symbol of feminism mostly associated with affluence. The use of pink works on the psychology of dominance female customers. It convinces them that they will be able t o acquire beauty and style with the money received via NationHela. A handbag is a ladys accessory that primarily carries money among other things. The handbag in the advertisement consists of black and white. Black symbolizes wealth and author in Western culture (Symbolism of color. Using color for meaning) whereas white symbolizes simplicity and precision. Therefore, a combination of the two colors on the handbag implies that the woman is carrying power and wealth and that this wealth has been obtained in an effortless and precise manner. A blue NationHela debit card is include at the bottom left corner of the advert. People perceive blue as trustworthy, dependable, and committed (Color Meaning, Symbolism and Psychology). Thus, the blue debit card together with the symbolism of other colors in the advert give the impression that NationHela is a trustworthy venture for freelancers, making it the best money transfer method. A lucrative commercial also employs the right models to por tray the intended message correctly. The advert uses two models, a male and a female. The female model has a pleasantly surprised look on her face, seems extremely happy, and looks back at an outstretched hand safekeeping 500 US dollar notes. It looks as if like she was on her way to a different place before a hand holding cash beckoned her. The other models appearance is not fully shown with only the hand visual aspect in the picture. In spite of this, one can deduce

Investment and Portfolio Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Investment and Portfolio Analysis - Essay ExampleThe understandings of market sentiments are very important for proficient analysts and day-traders who try to maximize profits from stock price movement. The analysis of balance sheet of the partnership is pitch that the company has strong fundamentals including sufficient assets to cover its liabilities and there are no concerns regarding debt, payables, or inventory. With the protagonist of several technical indicators, an investor will be able to analyze the relationship between price heap and get supply for the overall market as well as the individual stock and bushel appropriate investment decisions. The companys management has been able to successfully tackle the slow demand situation by introducing new products in the market at lower cost which increased the companys sales volumes. With the increase in sales the companys cost of production in like manner increased at CAGR of 49% during the past three years. On the bas is of these analysis and findings a satisfactory recommendation can be given to investor regarding the attractiveness of the investment.The investment style of an individual varies from another depending on various opportunities and investment constraints. Individuals generally invest a certain portion of the surplus left by and by all necessary expenditures are carried out. The most common objective however is to maximize their return on investment. A proper fundamental and technical analysis generally provides a basic idea regarding these aspects and supports investors force informed investment decisions. Other factors like macroeconomic scenario, industry analysis, market sentiments and management analysis also plays an important factor in giving the best idea of a long or oblivious sale investment decision. This report discusses these important investment tools with reference to a particular stock, which will help the investors a clue of

The Lottery Essay Example for Free

The draftsmanship EssayMany usances passed follow up through generations have little to no significance in society, most traditions are passed down overtime because certain individuals are afraid of the consequences. In a small village, there is a yearly tradition that randomly selects one individual to be s regulated by the entire village. This tradition is known as The Lottery. In The Lottery, Shirley Jackson combines foreshadowing with a comforting tone thus both concealing and telling the shocking ending.Shirley Jacksons use of a benevolent tone leaves readers unsuspecting of the ironic ending. As the story begins, the setting is described as clear, warm, and sunny. This entrance immediately creates the relaxing imagery of a splendiferous day. As the villagers gather, the children began to play. Their playfulness channelise they have no inhibitions or worries.The Lottery is organized like the self-colored dances, teen club, and the Halloween program as one of the civ ic activities. The Lottery is presented as a civic natural process for the benefit of the people. It is also called a lottery, where lotteries are generally associated with good luck and fortune. Readers can assume The Lottery is also a sign of good luck and fortune. Jacksons placement of details sets a positive tone for the story along with a mixture of foreshadowing.Jackson foreshadows the surprising ending. As more families are gathering the mens Jokes were quiet and they smiled rather than laughed. Their actions reflect that something is on all of their minds, realise them uncomfortable. As Mr. Summers begins to set up the box and stool, he asks for second, there was hesitation. This makes the reader question, why would anyone hesitate to help?As Mr. Adams and old man Warner converse, Mr. Adams says that in the north village they are deciding if they should get release of the Lottery. For what reason would they want to give up a tradition that has been continued for many ye ars. The lottery must be in some way unfavorable if the other village considers giving it up. The actions and conversations of villagers begin to show the true nature of the lottery. -Through the combination of foreshadowing and setting a comforting tone,Shirley Jackson reveals simply also conceals the surprising ending. To conceal, Jackson describes settings and uses the idea of a lottery to set a positive tone of the story. But she also places hints like the behavior of the villagers, to foreshadow the true nature of the lottery. Her use of these literary techniques, make the reader wonder and better enjoy the story. -

Marketing Exploratory Research Essay Example for Free

market exploratory Research EssayResearchers employ exploratory question when little is known ab reveal the payoff and previous theories or ideas do not apply. For example, if you wanted to study how to get students to use the computer laboratory in a college environment, you might first pee to do exploratory research to figure out which students might inquire the lab and what appeals to this demographic. Exploratory research clarifies worrys, gathers data and creates initial guesswork and theories almost subjects. The uncreated point of exploratory research is to give researchers pertinent information and help them to form initial hypotheses about the subject. Exploratory research is challenging in the sense that it tackles vaguely defined hypothesis and tries to find answers to questions. This configuration of research is social in nature and requires some preliminary work in the direction of the research.In fact, sociologist Earl Babbie treats exploratory as the purpose of the research saying this kind of research proves to be useful when the hypothesis has yet not been formed or developed. thither argon certain basic premises that need to be tested at the start of an exploratory research. With the help of these hypotheses, the researcher hopes to arrive at to a greater extent generalizations. Exploratory research is a form of research conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. Exploratory research helps determine the best research design, data collection mode and selection of subjects. It should draw univocal conclusions only with extreme caution. Given its fundamental nature, exploratory research oftentimes concludes that a perceived problem does not actually exist.Exploratory research often relies on secondary research such as re studying available literature and/or data, or qualitative approaches such as informal discussions with consumers, employees, man termment or competitors, and much formal approaches through i n-depth inter positions, focus groups, projective methods, case studies or pilot studies. The Internet gets for research methods that are more than interactive in nature. For example, RSS feeds efficiently supply researchers with up-to-date information major search engine search results may be sent by email to researchers by services such as Google Alerts comprehensive search results are tracked over lengthy periods of time by services such as Google Trends and websites may be created to attract worldwide feedback on any subject.When the purpose of research is to induce familiarity with a phenomenon or acquire new insight into it in order to formulate a more precise problem or develop hypothesis, the exploratory studies ( also known as formulative research ) come along in handy. If the theory happens to be too general or too specific, a hypothesis tummynot to be formulated. Therefore a need for an exploratory research is felt to gain experience that will be helpful in formulat ive relevant hypothesis for more definite investigationdescriptive Researchdescriptive research is done with a specific research question in mind. It gives a set view of the subject, population, market segment or problem. An example of descriptive research would be a report that provides an age and gender breakdown of the users of a particular online service. Descriptive research provides research questions, populations or methods of analysis before the research is started. In marketing, it often consists of longitudinal studies, which study the behavior of individuals over time, and cross-sectional studies, which examine legion(predicate) populations at one specific time.As the name implies, a descriptive research is descriptive in nature and gathers statistics, which is later carefully studied to arrive at conclusions. In fact, descriptive research often leads to formulation of hypothesis as collation and analysis of data produces conclusions that form the basis of an other rese arch. So, if in that location is a research about the use of alcohol among teenagers, it typically begins with collection of data that is descriptive in nature and lets people know the age and drinking habits of students. Descriptive research is helpful for calculations and to arrive at statistical tools such as median, averages, and frequencies.Descriptive research, also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. However, it does not answer questions about e.g. how/when/why the characteristics occurred, which is done under analytic research. Although the data description is factual, accurate and systematic, the research cannot describe what ca employ a situation. Thus, Descriptive research cannot be used to create a causal relationship, where one variable affects another. In other words, descriptive research can be said to have a low requirement for internal validity. The description is used for frequencies, averages and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach, prior to writing descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation.There are three chief(prenominal) types of descriptive methods noteal methods, case-study methods and survey methods.Observational MethodWith the observational method (sometimes referred to as field observation) animal and human behavior is closely observed. There are two main categories of the observational method representational observation and laboratory observation. The biggest advantage of the naturalistic method of research is that researchers view participants in their natural environments. This leads to greater ecological validity than laboratory observation, proponents say. Ecological validity refers to the extent to which research can be used in real-life situations. Proponents of laboratory observation often suggest that due to more control in the laboratory, the results found when using laboratory observation are more mea ningful than those obtained with naturalistic observation. Laboratory observations are usually less time-consuming and cheaper than naturalistic observations. Of course, both naturalistic and laboratory observation are important in regard to the advancement of scientific knowledge. slick Study MethodCase study research involves an in-depth study of an individual or group of indviduals. Case studies often lead to testable hypotheses and allow us to study rare phenomena. Case studies should not be used to determine cause and effect, and they have limited use for making accurate predictions. There are two serious problems with case studies hope effects and atypical individuals. Expectancy effects include the experimenters underlying biases that might affect the actions taken while conducting research. These biases can lead to misrepresenting participants descriptions. Describing atypical individuals may lead to poor generalizations and detract from external validity. report MethodSu rvey method research, participants answer questions administered through interviews or questionnaires. After participants answer the questions, researchers describe the responses given. In order for the survey to be both reliable and valid it is important that the questions are constructed properly. Questions should be indite so they are clear and easy to comprehend.What is the difference between Descriptive and Exploratory Research? Descriptive research, being quantitative in nature, is restrictive in terms of open ended questions, which can be better answered using exploratory research. Flexibility of design is offered by exploratory research more than by descriptive research. Descriptive research is used more to arrive at statistical tools such as mean, average, median and frequency. On the other hand, exploratory research allows the researcher to develop designs that are more qualitative in nature. The amount of information known to the researcher at the start of the researc h plays an important procedure in deciding upon the type of research. With only vague ideas in the minds of the researcher, it is better to go for exploratory design. On the other hand, more information such as quantitative data allows a researcher to go for descriptive research that leads to unearthing causal relationships. Exploratory research needs to be conducted first to have a platform that allows for collation of data required in descriptive research.

IB Interesting Facts Essay Example for Free

IB Interesting Facts Essay1968, IB, standing for the International baccalaureate, has been founded as a non-profit educational arrangement at the International School of Geneva. It was created by teachers at the school, in addition to help from teachers from all oer the world. Today, the International baccalaureate has grown into a university preparatory program that has been divided, in most schools, into three programs for students as young as 3 years old to students 19 years old. It was first created to accommodate position and French.It is aimed at developing a globular awareness for its students. In other words, students learn how to accept global cultures, perspectives. IB first originated in private schools. Over the years, this changed so that nearly fifty-percent of all schools providing the International Baccalaureate would be government owned and thus free of tuition. The fact that many governments all over the world engender adopted the International Baccalaure ate shows the confidence that they have that their future generations will truly be fall in off in this type of curriculum. It was through the efforts of Alec Peterson (director of the Department of Educational Studies, Oxford University) that universities recognized the International Baccalaureate.At first, in the beginning of the 1980s, the International Baccalaureate was viewed as a threat from some governments all over. Governments believed that the International Baccalaureate would draw their children away from their national educational systems. However, this idea was later refuted and the International Baccalaureate was viewed as a enhancement to their educational systems and was later adopted at a very rapid rate.Today, people who admit the International Baccalaureate get accepted to the top universities all over the globe (in North America, Europe, UK, etc) IBO, in 1994 founded the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Program for students aged eleven to sixteen. In 19 97, IBO created the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Program, which is aimed at creating well-rounded and cultured students whom are three to eleven years old. industrial plant CitedIB Timeline. IBO. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Oct. 2012. .

Alan Free

Alan Freed and the Payola grease EssayIn the late 1950s and early 1960s, during a time of shifting cultural identity, some(prenominal) Americans who held conservative views found themselves caught in a socio-cultural predicament. The mixer dynamic of urban communities had begun to change as more than African-Americans moved from the Southern United States into the Northern and Western regions of the country. This diaspora meant better jobs and homes for African-Americans and ultimately translated into more spending major power among this portion of the population.While many sectors were positively impacted by this increase in African American spending power, participants of exclusionary practices were destined to suffer. An example of this suffering was evident in the medicine effort where the American clubhouse of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) had monopolized the music licensing industry until the Broadcast Music Incorporation was formed and began to provide affordable music licenses to those musicians previously excluded by ASCAP.This development subscribe toaled a changing of the guard and the ASCAP found that the change was ultimately not in their favor (Hood-Ancklewicz 3). The individuals who back up and encouraged the proliferation of this kind revolution were labeled responsible for the growing lack of social stability and would be contended with under the guise of a quest for morals and justice. In 1959 the House Subcommittee launched an probe into the existence of rigging in popular game shows and at the urging of ASCAP expanded that probe into the music industry.Given his nonconformist attitude, unapologetic support of gem n wind music, interracial dance parties and phrenetic stage shows, Alan Freed became the about popular fatality of the payola scandal. Alan Freed was not the nevertheless person guilty of accepting payola, merely he was among the most visibly linked to the promulgation of rock n roll. Alan Freed ha s been credited with being the graduation to popularize the title rock n roll n rolling in relation to this particular music genre.Additionally, he was the first to encourage integration by hosting wildly successful interracial Rock n Roll stage shows with solely African American performers. Freed also do no attempt to control the booby hatch created by his exhilarating lineup of performers, which generally resulted in teens dancing in the aisles, screaming wildly at performers and storming locuss for the opportunity to participate by any means necessary. The firsts associated with Freed helped to solidify his image as the Father of Rock n Roll and conversely sealed his fate as the scapegoat of the payola scandal.Mainly targeting radio post and well known deejays and record exe curtailives, including Freed, the clean cut Dick Clark and, opposites linked to the popularization of rock n roll music. The payola investigations made radio executives across the nation nervous. galor e(postnominal) of the stations began to enact measures to ensure that they would not be implicated in any wrong doing and as a result began to require that their saucer jockeys sign disclosure statements, divest themselves of questionable outdoor(a) interests and cooperate with investigators as necessary.Those disc jockeys that refused to do so were fired. Many deejays resigned some suggesting that payola was as much a part of the system as any other widely held production practice, while others simply confessed to accepting cash and other gifts in exchange for promoting records. Alan Freed refused to sign documents on the moral grounds that doing so would negatively impact his reputation for integrity as a result Freed was fired from the radio station (Segrave 110). Freed admitted that he had accepted valuable gifts but, he explained not in front.If Ive helped somebody, Ill accept a nice gift but I wouldnt pursue a dime to plug a record. Id be a fool to Id be giving up control o f my program (Segrave 80). The end of the payola scandal dawned with Alan Freed disenfranchised from his livelihood. Freed was strained out of the concert promotion business, blacklisted, arrested, fined three hundred dollars and given a six month hang sentence and though by modern standards this punishment may seem mild, compared to the punishment of other deejays it was among the most calculating and exacting punishments delivered.While some critics argue that the scandal did not end Freeds move it is clear that justice was not doled out equally among all offenders (Palmer 136). Dick Clark, who was also investigated, was questioned about outside interests that he held with various publication houses, record presses, talent firms, etc. Clark minimized the modus operandi of investments reported to the committee, his employers supported his claims that he had divested those interests. Following the investigation it was learned that the claims of divestment were not only false but that Clark had also deflate the number reported to the subcommittee.Clark was ultimately exonerated and never seemed to be in any real jeopardy of losing his livelihood, while Alan Freed was left destitute (Segrave 110). By many accounts Freeds success in the music industry was instantaneous and was bolstered by the unwavering support of his interracial teen audience. In 1952 when Freed held the Moondog Coronation Ball an estimated 30,000 teens stormed the venue causing the event to be closed down by the local police department.Soon aft(prenominal) this incident Freed took his stage shows on tour and was arrested and charged with inciting a riot after a akin occurrence in Boston. Freed moved from Ohio to New York where his success continue to grow exponentially (Palmer 23). Of note among Freeds perceived shortcomings was the fact that all of Freeds performers were African-American and even when sanitized versions of African-American songs were available Freed nonetheless prefe rred and continued to promote the original versions (Palmer 136-139).The image of rock n roll (leather jackets and sideburns) upset the sensibilities of bigger society and as a result when the investigations into payola, a practice that had existed in various formats for years, became public familiarity and the House Subcommittee on Legislative Oversight had the support and the fuel necessary to effect change, Alan Freed became target number one. Rock n roll was shunned by the more conservative personalities in American society and as a result was blamed for many societal ills.Few expected the genre to last, disgusted by the lack of perceived merit in the rock n roll genre, many of the ASCAP members and conservative American public denied its staying power. In her1956 article for the Miami Herald, Phyllis Battelle quotes an unnamed source as saying Perhaps the only hopeful thing about rock n roll is that its so bad. It cannot endure indefinitely (Batelle 4C+). This sentiment comfor ted few Americans while others focused on the reasons why rock n roll was not a viable music form.Rock n roll on the other make pass continued to reinvent itself, to influence and morph into different genres. The influence of rock n roll is perceive clearly in other genres now and has be coiffe as intrinsic to the American cultural legacy as payola in the music industry. Though rock n roll waned for a short utmost of time it ultimately was revived by the British invasion which also revived the folk and RB genres (Hood-Anklwicz 4).Ironically the integrationist mentality that was once a part of rock n roll music colored in the early sixties undoubtedly influenced by the newly sanitized radio and broadcast environment, the issue of charismatic personalities such as Alan Freed and the stress of the continuously changing cultural dynamic in American society. Fears like those expressed in segregationist propaganda like the American Nationalist went unfounded as rock n roll eventuall y became racially segregated once more.Dick Clarks clean cut presentation of rock n roll minus the tilting pelvises and gyrations, minus the dancing in the aisles and frenzied pandemonium, minus the leather jackets and sideburns was to become the popular music among whites while African American performers performed for largely African-American audiences (Palmer, 146). Many African American performers of the rock n roll era have credited Freed with the breaking of social barriers and have recognized his attempt to encourage integration among young Blacks and Whites.Before concluding that Alan Freed was ultimately made the example for being all things rock n roll, it is imperative to note that the practice of payola was never take away from the music industry, it has never been and is not now flagitious. The 1960 law passed, did not make the practice illegal but made the failure to report payola illegal (Segrave,vii). While the concept of payola presents an ethical flaw in the syst em it is nonetheless a flaw that is as inherent to the music industry as is habit to the industry of politics.The great professor and historian, Lord Acton, is quoted as saying, power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. This thought is evident on both ends of the rock n roll spectrum on one end Alan Freed was give tongue to to be drunk with power (Palmer 23), so much so that he failed to see the danger in overbooking venues, was charged with encouraging riotous behavior among teens and a general failure to realize the detriment that would come to his livelihood if he continued to challenge the prescribed social norms of the 1950s.On the other end of the spectrum is the American government who continues to support censorship and participate in the creation of scapegoats when suitable to the larger political agenda. Overall, Alan Freed was a trendsetter who was perhaps before his time and thereby was punished accordingly for going against the grain. He lived as the he lper of rock n roll firsts and died tormented by opportunities unrealized.

Auditors Third Party Liability Essay Example for Free

Auditors Third Party Liability EssayOn 1979 the address established the article of faith of third party liability as foreseen in Federal compulsive Court (sixth civic senate) 1 regarding the case of a German branch of a entrust provided wrong data to its potential investors and because of that iodine of the potential investors bringed a big loss and later sued the bank.But in November 1983 in Federal Supreme Court (fourth civil senate)2, death negligence in reporting in a case where purchaser of a properly sued the valuer because of the wrong valuation. Court stated that if third party is to a lower place protected impression then there are some general principles on professional third-party liability for preoccupied misstatements under contract towards third parties.In the first case (1979) The Federal Supreme Court stated that the bank knew that the information which was provided would have been showed to potential investors In the case court maintained that the per son, to whom the bank provided the relevant information could be identified and are part of a calculable group.And in the second case (1983) court says, there is no need for the professional to know either who the third parties are. The professionals negligent performance must have determined the plaintiffs decision which eventually led him to suffer a loss. Court found out that because of the lack of knowledge both(prenominal) buyer and dealer necessary the expert opinion of the valuer was needed. Court widened the scope of the liability and liability of auditor to third party move from Foreseen to reasonable foreseeability.After that case Federal Court continued this broader scope of liability in both cases in Federal Supreme Court (third civil senate) 10 November 19943 Federal Supreme Court (third civil senate) 2 April 19984On 2001 in its most recent case, the Federal Court of Justice handed trim back a new decision regarding the liability of experts towards third parties (R eg. No. X ZR 231/99). The Court spurned the plaintiffs claims, holding that the contract concluded between the commissioning banking authority and the expert did not extend to the plaintiff.So, the plaintiff was not, covered by the contract drawn up between the commissioning authority and the auditor. The court resist the information contract between the expert and the third party a stated that without a reign contract no liability is considered to have arisen. The court then changed the scope of liability form reasonably foreseeable to Privity or Near Privity in between.

Review of Continental Airlines organizational structure Essay Example for Free

Review of Continental Airlines organizational structure Essay1.Does the organizational design of this corporation helper or hinder it in achieving its organizational goals?Continental Airlines utilizes a divisional structure relative to the focal point of its versatile entities. This structural design is due to the complex nature of the aviation industry as healthful as the autonomy required in operating a twenty-four hour a day, 7 day per week worldwide business. In my opinion, the structural design of this organization with the exception of Continental talk and Continental Micronesia can really not be structured in any otherwise way, and then should be projected helpful. The air hose business is an incredibly tough business as it is. The costs of trading operations in relation to profit per passenger mile are very low. This air passage and its management aggroup have emerged from bankruptcy and now fly the newest fleet of aircraft in the sky today. Chairman and CE O Gordon Bethune with his days of experience in the aviation industry have afforded the opportunity for Continental to receive more awards for guest blessedness than any other airline.Obviously, this is a far cry from the pre-bankruptcy days of this airline which now proudly stands as an industry leader. (No, I do not work, nor have I ever worked in the airline industry). The organizational structures leadership includes various notables that have grown up within the industry filling various leadership positions for other airlines. It seems as though Mr. Bethune has installed an incredibly capable team to steer this company into the future. I carved out Continental Express and Micronesia since they are basically licensed businesses that fly below the Continental flag. Their existence within the Continental family does provide routes to smaller and far-eastern destinations and are independently managed and therefore not considered (by me) as anything more than a profit center on the organizational chart.2.If you were to castrate this organization, what renders would you exact to consider and why? What would be the advantages and disadvantages of organizational change?If I had the ability and experience to effect change for this organization, the first issue I would consider would be consolidation of the airlines ingeneral. I address this issue because I do not necessarily feel that consolidation is all that its cracked up to be. large airlines mean bigger bureaucracy and smaller profit potential. Both of these translate to decreased customer satisfaction as well as the potential for employee dissatisfaction. Mr. Bethune prides himself in being one of the people, he is often seen locomote in the terminal, shaking hands and recognizing employees for doing an outstanding job. As a rated company pilot, he is also seen on the flight deck of the occasional 757 or 777. It is hard to imagine how the current structure could be modify beyond what it already is . He is leading by example as a leader should. Should airline consolidation continue, the main advantage would be for the traveling public.The customer could potentially book a voyage around the world simply by calling the Continental reservation line. Until that customer shows up for the tour to commence, he may not even realize that hes not even on a Continental flight. Thats the beauty of being big. The trip susceptibility be made up of legs flown by Northwest connecting to Varig connecting to Delta connecting to Qantas, etcetera This seamless travel experience for the customer should be considered as an upside to consolidation. The main disadvantage might possibly be that the customer has no idea who to call when things go wrong. He might be stranded in a foreign land after his connection with China Airlines cancelled and hes not sure of whom to contact to get back on track.The second issue I might consider would be mandatory retirement of pilots once they reach their sixtie th birthday. Organizationally, this federally mandated policy weakens the organization. My best and approximately experienced pilots are being forced out of my company. If this policy is unchangeable, I must find a way to keep this incredible resource happy and employed in some form or fashion that augments my existing infrastructure. This disadvantage to my organization structure is a hurdle that is out of my control but directly affects the bottom line relative to people and organizational power.Referencewww.continental.com/company/investor.governance.asp

Milk and Fresh Fruit Juice Essay Example for Free

Milk and Fresh increase Juice EssayBreast milk buns be produced fresh or commode be snappy for use at a later date. Breast milk halt be odd for up to five days in a fridge with a tempeture of 4 degrees Celsius or lower, it nookie be left up to two weeks in the freezer compartment of a fridge. If the breast milk is frozen it can be left up to six months in a freezer with a tempeture of at least minus 18 degrees Celsius. It is recommended by the department of health that formula milk should be make fresh rather than made up in advance, for more convience liquid formula can be bought. If liquid formula isnt available then a flask with boiling water can be made so formula can be made when needed. EYMP3-5. 2 It is important to appraise cargonrs instructions regarding dietary requirements as some kidskinren will acquit severe re fulfills to some food. diabetic children will deal specific dietary requirements that need to be followed c be richly because if not could lead to the child having low or high blood sugars.Children that have food intolerances may get diarrhoea if they ar disposed foods that they are intolerant to. Children with kn avow in allergies should be supervised whilst have. The signs of an allergic reaction are bulge of the lips and eyes, redness of the face or other parts of the body. They could also start to itch or have difficulty breathing. Children with a severe may be prescribed an epi pen and training should be given before administrating. EYMP3-5. 3 CULTURE DIETARY REQUIREMENTS.Hindu Mainly vegetarianSome lambPork rarelyNo beefSome chickenSome lay offNo milk or yoghurt with rennetSome pelt and shell tipNo fast periods Muslim Halal lamb, beef and chickenNo porkSome cheeseNo milk/yoghurtHalal fish/shellfishFast during ramadan Christian Some lambNo porkSome beef and chickenMost cheese/milk/yoghurt/eggsSome fishNo shellfishNo cocoa/tea/coffeeNo fast periods Jewish No PorkKosher Beef/chicken/lambNo cheese or milk with nucl eusNo blood spots in eggsNo ShellfishFish with fins and scalesFast periods on Yom Kippur for adults Sikh No beefPork rarelySome lambSome chicken and cheeseSome fish and shellfishMilk/yoghurtNo fast periods Buddhist Mainly vegetarianEating fish and meat is allowed in Buddhism, though vegetarianism is encouraged.Buddha advised the monks to avoid eating ten kinds of meat for their self-respect and protection humans, elephants, horses, dogs, snakes, lions, tigers, boars and hyenas. Some animals attack people when they smell the flesh of their own kind. Tibetans will not ever eat fish, and usually stay a demeanor from foul. The reason is that different kinds of meat supposedly give different kinds of obscurations. Fish, the obscuration of aggression foul the obscuration of desire and red meat the obscruration of ignorance. Evidently, they would take the ignorance all over the others.Also, it was generally better to eat red meat because the animal killed was very large and only one life had to be taken to feed some people with fish, you usually have to take m both more lives to fill the same number of stomachs. Rastafarian Some lambNo porkSome beef, chicken, cheese, milk yoghurtNo shellfishNo fast periods EYMP 3 5. 4 Educating children in food management and portion control is very important as eating habits positive in childhood will continue into later life.Education starts with the parents and it is in the home where all childrens eating habits are formed. Leaflets should be given to parents when they give birth about properly feeding their children and the wideness of nutritional value of food. Nurseries and schools should give regular newsletters to parents with the importance of nutritional value in foods.Educational establishments should uprise children and parents about the importance of portion control and ensure that correct portion sizes are given. This message can be reinformed with smaller plates. Health Visitors, school nurseries, health prof essionals and dieticians are all crucial in bedspread the message to children and parents about the importance of healthy eating and portion control. They are also crucial in checking that children are gaining weight healthily but not too much. Encouraging lots of physical map in school/nursery will help in keeping childrens weight under control. Educating children in the importance of not bullying other children who are overweight is also very important. SHC 32 1.1 Job description Look after children and ensure they are kept healthy and safe check off all health and safety guidelines are strictly adhered to Carry out risk measure outments before any new activities/toys are introduced Devise educational and fun activities for children from age 4 to 11 Supervises activities Supervise children articulate to the children Supervise toilet trips Prepare healthy and nutricious snacks for children Keep play areas clean and tidy Assist children with preparation Baking with the childr en SHC 32 1. 2 I am anticipate to follow the following codes of practiceSafeguarding ensuring that the children are kept safe whilst in our care and also be very observant as to what happens when the children are not in our care, ie if the children issue forth with bruises or if they are upset, shaken or distressed when they arrive or as they are leaving. Also to make sure that other staff treat all the children well and do not mistreat any of them.Whistleblowing Policy ensuring that if there is anything that we do not intuitive feeling comfortable about, for example if we feel that one of the staff genus Phalluss are behaving inappropriately towards any of the children, we are expected to report this to our Manager to ensure that action is taken to prevent further mistreatment. Health Safety at Work Act acting responsibly in the environment in which we work. Ensuring that we follow all guidelines to keep our work place safe and that we keep ourselves, our colleagues and the children safe.National minimum standards EYFS Welfare Requirements ensuring that children are developing properly in line with targets set for their ages. National Occupational Standards Ensuring that we conform to best practice set inside the industry to make sure that we are complying with standards set. SHC 32 2. 3 Working practices may be moved(p) if hypothetically my Manager decided that a game of hopscotch was not appropriate for the young children to play but, as a younger person, I believed that it was a safe game to play. I would have a give-and-take with my Manager and explain why I thought it was safe and my Manager would explain that she had carried out a risk assessment for Hopscotch and decided that it was inappropriate.In a previous role, I did not agree with the way a member of staff disciplined young children when she was unhappy with their behaviour. She shouted at the child without feeler down to their level or explaining what the child did. I was uncomfor table with this and brought it to the attention of my Manager who addressed this with the member of staff. This gave me the confidence and experience to ensure that I was very aware of the way my colleagues behaved and to take appropriate action when required. SHC 32 4. 1 I have regular meetings with my Supervisor to discuss how I am progressing at heart my role and any feedback from parents or colleagues is passed on to me.I have regular meetings with my Manager to discuss my approach where I am asked if I need any additional help or whether I have any comments as to how we can make things better. I regularly meet with my colleagues to discuss planning and how we can make things better for the children and planning activities for the different age groups to ensure all our activities are consistent with each(prenominal) other. I have regular appraisals to monitor my progress and to give and receive feedback about my role and development. I have a college tutor who is there to hel p me develop my role, develop as an employee and develop my skills as I work towards my Level 3.I frequently research new activities and legislation on the profit to consistently develop. EYMP 4 4. 1 It is key to review my practice to ensure that I am fully up to date with latest legislation as things change so frequently and it is important that children are always kept safe and parents are always kept fully informed. It is important to think critically about what I do in my work and analyse how I do it and why I do it that way and asses the effectiveness of what I am doing at work and how I can drive more effective. It is something that we need to do regularly to get a clearer picture of what we do in our roles and assess whether we are being really effective.

Einstein’s statement Essay Example for Free

Einsteins contention EssayAccording to Einsteins statement that Memory is deceptive because it is colored by todays events one(a) should take a concrete position in order to prove it or non. There is nonentity frozen in the cycle of life, everything is in flux. The process of memorizing information around is amazing at a glance. However, in that location should be an explanation of why human beings get stuck on what they know about a definite thing or event, and do not want to step back not a jot. I think that there are several responses on what Einstein once said.Hence, depot mountain be deceptive for a man, as it refers to the old and to the present only. Here comes a logic rating of the Einsteins statement which designates the idea of what is known to people currently and what is not. Thereupon, it is a matter of contradiction in terms between three states of time, so to speak past, present, and future. It goes without saying that the first two relate to what is rec ollected in our memories. On the other side, the future is a mystery for every human being. Memory does not apply to the future events.It is about to gain momentum, as we may call it, of what has been predicted and what it comes out to be as a result. However, there is an aspect of memory which relies on peoples suggestibility (Platek, Keenan, Shackelford, 2007). This feature of memory can serve as pseudo-persuasiveness in what has not happened yet. Within my remembrance, I have too many cases when I could state that memory is really deceptive, and is establish on some evidences at hand. It was when I tried to win in lottery. I was sure that a fortune will help me.Nevertheless, I tried to work out a specific construction on finding out the receipt of hitting jackpot at once. My memories could give me just the examples establish on the experience of many millions of people who failed to reach out a definite circumspect speak to toward solving the enigmatic mystery of where the luc k is. As a result, I just spent a pretty some of money, as related to all cases when I bought a bunch of lottery tickets. It brute(a) into nothing at all, unfortunately. However, since that time I have been working over a philosophical pose toward what knowledge is.Furthermore, it became interesting to me that memory can become vague in some moments, as it complies with physiological processes as well. Thus, memory does not just colors todays events and gives no answer on what will become tomorrow. It also makes people realize the things going on all around. There is an conjecture that the hidden power of brain can work miracles in perceiving events of tomorrow. People can just salmagundi their consciousness in order to discolor reality and appear in parallel worlds.However, it is just a hypothesis which Einstein once claimed during his investigation of the concept of time as such. To sum up, memory complies with the past and the present. It has no connection with the future. H ence, people are misinformed about what awaits them in future. In turn it proves the idea that memory is deceptive and that it is colored solely in accordance with todays events. That is the argument for getting the properties and personality of memory in brief. Reference Platek, S. M. , Keenan, J. P. , Shackelford, T. K. (2007). Evolutionary cognitive neuroscience. Boston MIT Press.

Evaluation of a Business Code of Ethics Essay Example for Free

paygrade of a Business Code of Ethics EssayThe purpose of this assignment is to assist you in improve problem-solving capabilities that organizations already possess for use in business ethical motive applications. This paper uses a structured, objective arrange sometimes called a frame of inquiry. This assignment is a systematic formalized inquiry into or examen of the code of ethics of an organization and its effects to achieve a specific level of ethical port in employees, management, and executives.Each business should hurl a framework for ensuring ethical behavior. The structure, format, and scope of codes vary depending on the companys business. An oil companys code, for example, would probably have different criteria and emphases than a healthcare providers code of ethics. Sometimes, codes of ethics are called by other names, such as an employee code of conduct. A code of ethics, though, should be distinguish from standard good operating practices.Evaluation and s ummary includes problem solving and behavior in assessing organisational ethics along with decision-making processes. In this case, you are evaluating your own companys code of ethics, or that of other company if your employer does not have a code of ethics. print a 1,200- to 1,400-word paper, hotshot not apply question-and-answer format, reasoning your organizations code of ethics in detail. Perform the following steps Obtain a copy of your employers code of ethics or key out an example on the Internet from a major(ip) corporation, such as Shell Oil Companys Statement of Ethics. This is the document upon which to base your inquiry. Write a general information paragraph on the company, including its mission statement. Determine the type of ethical system used by the firm and reasons or examples upon which you based your decisions. Ethical systems include ends-driven, relativistic, entitlement, and duty-driven (legal or religious) ethics. Identify and discuss how the code of eth ics is used. Include several paragraphs on each use one for employees, one for management, one for the board of directors, and so forth. Some of this information comes from the companys code of ethics. Others may be on hand(predicate) through an Internet search. Consider the followingo Why it is usedthe general or exceptional circumstanceso How it is usedo When it is usedNote. You may not be able to find all the information. In that case, state this fact and indicate which sources were examined with no results. Why might the organization expect to modify their existing code of ethics? Consider how you might modify the code if you were the new chief executive officer and how you would implement the changes. What possible reactions to the code are to be expected from employees and managers? What effects does the organizational culture have on the acceptance of the code? What is the effect of the code on the organization? Summarize the results of your systematic analysis or inquiry into the code of ethics of this organization.

The Main Purpose of Magnetic Separation Machine Essay Example for Free

The Main Purpose of Magnetic insularism Machine EssayThe charismatic separator is one of commonly employ preparation equipments in attractive featureic separation factory. It has dry and wet two fictitious characters. According to types of magnets, it can be divided into permanent magnet type and electromagnet type. It is also can be divided into strong magnet type, middle magnet type and weak magnet type according to the magnetised field strength. Different charismatic separators have contrasting characteristics and performance.The common things have magnetite iron ore (belong to strong magnetic minerals), hematite (belong to weak magnetic minerals), limonite, crystalline lens iron ore, siderite (they are weak magnetic minerals), etc. They are the raw materials of iron and marque industry, Chinas iron ore grade is low, most of the impurities high, so more than 80 percent of the need for magnetic separation. Manganese, such(prenominal) as hard manganese, pyrolusite, rhod ochrosite are weakly magnetic, commonly used in magnetic separation recovery.Ilmenite, wolframite, monazite (phosphorus atomic number 58 lanthanum mine), niobium-tantalum minerals are weakly magnetic minerals. Also commonly used in the recovery of magnetic separation. If the above examples are magnetic minerals as a purpose of mineral recovery (the magnetic minerals as a concentrate) is regarded non-metallic mineral beneficiation of iron, titanium and other mineral impurities harmful ingredients, generally magnetic system conductd. For example, the beneficiation of kaolin, kyanite, quartz, feldspar, tourmaline, etc. are generally used magnetic separation to remove iron, titanium minerals. minacious media beneficiation ferrosilicon or magnetite to do to increase the quality, magnetic separation is a simple and strong method of recycling to increase the quality of this application, common in the coal preparation plant. The broken ore stifling crusher broken cavity into the Iron Cru sher will be damaged, commonly used magnetic separation to remove the material in the iron. Comprehensive utilization of the useful ingredients in the processing of waste, wastewater, waste gas, such as three wastes to protect the environment, application of magnetic separation is also available.Example, recycling steel slag in steel mills, power plants deal with fly ash, steel mill wastewater treatment, there is the method of magnetic separation. The magnetic fluid separation method is a new magnetic separation process, the use of a magnetic liquid in a magnetic field may increase the role of objects immersed in the great magnetic force can separate objects of different density. The United States, Japan and other countries victimization magnetic fluid separation method to deal with auto junk, and our country are mainly used in the beneficiation of diamonds

Control system for microgrid

run across agreement for microgridAbstract In this canvas an example of a microgrid composed of diesel motor motor motor source and two uninterruptable function translate dodges is considered. This microgrid installed in the triple buildings of the capital of Estonia University of Technology. This root deals with how to implement a distributed regard and observe arranging based on the Ethernet vane in the microgrid. The paper describes a examine strategy to implement two grid connected and islanded carrying into action modes of the microgrid.Keywords authorisation musical arrangement, diesel generator, microgridIntroductionDistributed coevals (DG) is becoming an increasingly attractive approach to surmount greenhouse gas emissions, to improve ply system efficiency and reliability, and to relieve todays stress on power transmission and distribution al-Qaida 1. Distributed propagation encompasses a wide range of prime mover technologies, such as internal bur ning at the s tamp engines, gas turbines, microturbines, photovoltaic, give the sack cells and windpower 32. A better way to realize the emerging potential of DG is to take a system approach which views generation and associated scores as a microgrid 21.Microgrid is a concept of defining the operation of distributed generation, in which different micro ejaculates take in as s single managelable system that deliver the goodss power and heat to a cluster of stretch outs in the local anaesthetic bea 3, 8 9.A well casted microgrid should appear as an independent power system meeting the power quality and reliability requirements 3. The capital goal of microgrid architectures is to importantly improve postcode production and delivery to load customers, while facilitating a more stable galvanizing infrastructure with a measurable reduction in environmental emissions 10. The most positive features of microgrids are the comparatively presently distances amongst generation a nd haemorrhoid and low generation and distribution potentiality level. The primary(prenominal) post of a microgrid is to ensure stable operation during faults and unhomogeneous network disturbances.The microgrid is a promising concept in several(prenominal)(prenominal) fronts because it 18provides means to modernize todays power grids by do it more reliable, secure, efficient, and de- aboriginalizedprovides systematic approaches to utilize divers(a) and distributed energy sources for distributed generationprovides uninterruptible power publish functionsminimizes emissions and system losses.Despite m any advantages of microgrid there remain many technical challenges and difficulties in this new power industry area. One of them is the design, acceptance, and availability of low-cost technologies for installing and development microgrids 4. The increased deployment of power electronic devices in alternative energy sources within microgrids requires effective monitoring and lo ok into systems for safe and stable operation while achieving optimal utilization of different energy sources 35. Microgeneration suffers from lack of experience, regulations and norms. Because of particularized characteristics of microgrids, such as high implication of get the hang comp unitynts, large number of microsources with power electronic interfaces be many difficulties in holdling of microgrids. Realization of complicated curbling processes in microgrids requires specific confabulation infrastructure and protocols. During the process of microgrid organization many questions concerning the protection and safety aspects emerge. Also, it is required to organize free access to the network and efficient allocation of network costs.The predominant existing distributed generation is based on an internal combustion engine driving an galvanizing generator 36. To investigate various aspects of integration of alternative energy sources such as conventional engine generators, t his paper proposes a prototype of the microgrid for three academic buildings at the capital of Estonia University of Technology which consists of a diesel generator, and batteries remembering with power electronic interface. The main goal of this work is to design an intelligent guarantee system of the microgrid that is efficient enough to manage itself for power balance by making use of state of the art discourse technology. Moreover, the object lens of this paper is to describe the find out strategy of the microgrid operation in both stagy state modes. This manoeuver system enables the microgrid system to balance the electric power demand and supply and to simultaneously control the state of power network.Microgrid Theoretical BackgroundA microgrid is depict as a small (several MW or less in scale) power system with three primary components distributed generators with optional storage capacity, self-governing load centers, and system capability to operate interconnected wi th or islanded from the big return galvanic grid 10, 11-13. According to 39, 22, multiple forwardness microgrids span multiple buildings or structures, with loads typically ranging amidst 2MW and 5MW. Examples include campuses (medical, academic, municipal, etc), military bases, industrial and commercial complexes, and building residential developments.Microgrids include several basic components for operation 3, 4. An example of a microgrid with is illustrated in Fig.1. Distributed GenerationDistributed generation units 1 are small sources of energy fixed at or near the point of use. there are two basic classes of microsources one is a DC source (fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, etc.), the other is a high frequency AC source (microturbines, reciprocating engine generators, wind generators), which needs to be rectified. An AC microgrid can be a single-phase or a three-phase system. It can be connected to low potential drop or medium electric potential power distribution netwo rks. Storage DevicesDistributed storage technologies are used in microgrid applications where the generation and loads of the microgrid cannot be exactly matched. Distributed storage provides a bridge in meeting the power and energy requirements of the microgrid. Distributed storage enhances microgrid systems overall performance in three ways. First, it stabilizes and permits DG units to run at a constant and stable output, despite load fluctuations. Second, it provides the charge up finished capability when there are dynamic variations of primary energy (such as those of sun, wind, and hydropower sources). Third, it permits DG to seamlessly operate as a dispatchable unit. Moreover, energy storage can benefit power systems by damping peak surges in electricity demand, countering momentary power disturbances, providing outage ridethrough while ski bindingup generators respond, and reserving energy for future demand. There are several forms of energy storage, such as the batteries, supercapacitors, and flywheels. Interconnection SwitchThe interconnection switch is the point of connection between the microgrid and the rest of the distribution system. New technologies in this area consolidate the various power and switching functions (power switching, restrictive relaying, metering, and communications) traditionally provided by relays, ironware, and other components at the utility interface into a single system with a digital signal processor. The interconnection switches are designed to meet grid interconnection standards. Control agreementThe control system of a microgrid is designed to safely operate the system in grid-parallel and stand-alone modes. This system may be based on a central accountant or imbedded as autonomous parts of each distributed generator. When the utility is disconnected, the control system must control the local emf and frequency, provide (or absorb) the stridentaneous real power difference between generation and loads, provide the difference between generated thermolabile power and the actual reactive power consumed by the load, and protect the internal microgrid. organize of the Proposed MicrogridThe microgrid installed in three buildings of the Tallinn University of Technology (TUT) Faculty of king engine room, TUT Library, School of Economics and Business Administration. Consequently, according to the classification disposed(p) in 22, this power system can be defined as a multiple facility microgrid. Fig.2 illustrates the various components of the power system of the microgrid at TUT.The structure of the microgtid for the campuses of the TUT is proposed. Fig.3 shows a schematic of the power system. Microgrid systems targeted in this study are autonomous areas having the power demand of several kilowatts including a diesel generator, two uninterruptable power supply (UPS) systems with batteries storage, and loads. They are connected to the power electronic interface forming local AC network with 23 0V, 50Hz.The diesel generator is used as the main distributed energy resource in this microgrid. It has a nominal power of 176kW/220kVA, voltage of 240V/400V and maximum current of 318A. This generator is connected to the AC bus via the automatic relay logic (ARL2). The ARL2 is unendingly observing it both sides the main grid and the microgrid. If there is a fault in the common grid, the ARL2 allow disconnect the microgrid, creating an energetic island.The battery banks (E1 and E2) are used as the distributed energy storage devices in the microgrid to insure continuous supply of the local load. They are interfaced to the electrical network through the two UPS systems UPS1 (160kVA), and UPS2 (240kVA). Hence, we can stop that the microgrid has two main possible operation modes grid-connected and islanded mode.Main customers of the microgrid are the computers and servers located in the laboratories and office room in the three buildings of TUT. The clients in the Library Building (computers) are interfaced to the electrical network using ARL1. In addition, four experimental loads (Experimental loads 1..4) are used that can be connected to the distributed apology located in the Laboratory of electric Drives. The nine intelligent sensors (P1..P9) assign these loads. Their task is to measure electrical power and energy parameters of the network, such as voltage, current, power, energy, power factor and transmit this study to the controller.The microgrid is connected to the general city electricity grid using two two-section transformer substations (6000kV/400kV) located in the Faculty of exponent engineering science and the School of Economics and Business Administration Buildings.Description of the Control SystemTaking into account the variety and features of the power network of the Tallinn University of Technology, the control system structure for the microgrid is designed with the following specifications the balance of electric power demand and suppl y of power network are provided both the steady state modes and the passing(a) performance of the microgrid are achieved.A block diagram of the hierarchical control system which is based on the multiagent technology 40, 41, is demonstrated in Fig.4. The design of the control system can be divided into hardware and software.The control structure of the microgrid has three levelsOperator console and application serverCentral controller (CC) local anaesthetic controllers (LC) and measuring devices.Operator console is a computerized workstation with special software which comprises of supply and demand calculation units, monitoring units, control schemes and dispatching units. The function block diagram of the software is shown in Fig.5. The operator console heads the hierarchical control system. Its main goals of are to keep track of the whole system by monitoring the status of the communication lymph glands and generating units to collect data from the measuring devices to calculate supply and demand of power to visualize selective information real to display the basic modes of the microgrid and to manoeuvre control commands to the central controller. Application server is designed for archiving data received from the measuring devices.The main interface between the operator console and others communication nodes of the microgrid control system is the central controller. It is the main responsible for the prudence of the microgrid. for the optimization of the microgrid operation. The central controller operates in real time. Its main functions are connection and disconnection of the microgrid, the synchronization process, the detachment of loads. In addition, the aims of the central controller are to collect information from the measuring devices to transfer data from the operator console and the application server to manage the power supply switches and to transmit the control commands to the local controllers.Group of the local controllers are related to the third hierarchical control level. They include microsource controller that located in the distributed resources of the microgrid. It manages active and reactive power production levels at the diesel generator. Moreover, the microsource controller is responsible for the maintaining desired steady-state and dynamic performance of the power network. The other local controllers are located in the two UPS systems. Their main goals are to provide management of charge of the batteries storage.Measuring process cultivation required by the proposed monitoring and control system is voltage, current, power, energy, and power factor measurements. Real-time information is acquired through the intelligent measuring devices located at the output of the energy source, at the input of each loads, and at the both UPS systems. In this system, Allen-Bradley force outmonitor 3000 25 is used to measure these instantaneous values. It implements real-time power monitoring with 50 ms selectable update rate. Such operating information is displayed in real-time for monitoring and energy management purposes. conversation networkA communication infrastructure is needed between the central controller and the local controllers 23. The short geographical span of the microgrid may aid establishing a communication infrastructure using low-cost communications. The bridal of standard protocols and exposed technologies allows designing and developing modular solutions using off-the-shelf, low-cost, widely on hand(predicate), and fully supported hardware and software components.At the present time, many low cost microcontrollers include at least an Ethernet controller, standalone moth-eaten controllers are also available. The main advantages of using Ethernet are the spiritual rebirth from a centralized control to a distributed control wiring reduction no need for point to point connections. This solution provides flexibility and scalability for low-cost implementations.Taking these i nto account, the Ethernet industrial protocol has been chosen in this microgrid as communication network for data transfer for all those control units. The amount of data to be exchanged between network controllers includes mainly messages containing put up-points to LC, information requests sent by the MGCC to LC about active and reactive powers, and voltage levels and messages to control microgrid switches. The LC is responsible of collecting local information from the attached energy resource and takes some real-time decisions based on the control algorithm. The communication network of the control system is illustrated in Fig.6. Every communication node has to get registered to the master server. The node sends its information to the master server through diverse communication channel. Furthermore, this topology provides an opportunity for immediate control center access via remote consoles and web based laptops for necessary actions to be taken.To include new generation resour ces or storage devices in a flexible manner into the microgrid, multi-agent technologies 40 might be applied. The proposed hierarchical control scheme provides a flexible platform to make high level decisions.Control Strategy of action of the MicrogridA microgrid may operate either connected to the main grid or disconnected from it. There are two steady states of operation, grid-connected (Mode-G) and islanded (Mode-I). Furthermore, there are two transient modes of operation, transfer from Mode-G to Mode-I and transfer from Mode-I to Mode-G. The distinguish issue of the control is how to maintain the voltage and frequency perceptual constancy of the microgrid 20.Grid-connected modeIn the grid-connected operation mode, the main function of a DG unit is to control the output real and reactive power. The real and reactive power generated by a DG can be controlled through current or voltage regulation, thus the DG output power control schemes can be generally categorized as current-b ased and voltage-based power flow control 43.During Mode-G operation, the voltage and frequency of the microgrid is set by the main grid. The aim of the uninterruptible power supply systems is to obtain energy backup as much as possible, so during Mode-G operation, the main grid, the microgrid or both of them, ordain charge the batteries 20.In grid-connected mode the balance between the generation and the consumption as well as the control of the parameters of the system is guaranteed by the utility grid. Thus, generators are regulated with the criterion of optimized stinting exploitation of the installation 23. Concerning the programmable generator, the objective of the control is to optimize the microgrid performance.Islanded modeThe MG operates autonomously, in a akin way to physical islands, when the disconnection from the main grid occurs 37.When the grid is not present, the ARL2 disconnects the microgrid from the grid, starting the autonomous operation.The instant at which t he intentional islanding occurs must be detected in edict to the inverter changes between grid-connected to intentional island modes. The maculation is achieved using an algorithm described in 23.When the main distribution network is faulted, the fault current leave alone flow into the main grid from the microgrid continuously. At the same time, the circuit breaker of microgrid should detect the frequency and voltage-drop, and open in time, which makes the microgrid disconnect automatically from the main grid and change to islanded operation mode. diesel engine generator should stick with the reasonable control strategies to ensure the stability of frequency and voltage in microgrid 42.While switched from Mode-G to Mode-I, the UPS system operates in voltage control mode, is setting the voltage and frequency of the microgrid through absorb or releasing energy.In islanded mode, due to the unavailability of the utility grid, two requirements must be fulfilled the power balance be tween the generation and the consumption and the control of the main parameters of the installation (voltage amplitude and frequency). In synchronous islanded mode this reference book is the same as the grid voltage. This mode is also called synchronization mode and it is the mode that necessarily precedes a reconnection with the grid. The control system is responsible for assuring the power balance. In case of energy excess the management system can limit the output power of the diesel generators power in order to parry the operation in extremely inefficient low power generation modes. On the contrary, if all the available power is not enough to feed the local loads, the management system will detach non-critical loads. The control system is voltage controlled and it regulates the main parameters of the system.The UPS systems sets the voltage and frequency of the islanded microgrid and maintains them within acceptable limits by injecting or absorbing active power and reactive pow er as required. As soon as the presence of mains is detected, the microgrid control system uses feedback information from the mains voltage to adjust the energy storage unit voltage and frequency control loops to synchronize the microgrid voltage with the main voltage of the main grid. transmutation from Grid-Connected to Islanded ModeThere are various islanding detection methods proposed for DG systems 44.As mentioned above, there is a different control strategy when the laboratory-scale microgrid system operates in Mode-G or Mode-I. If there is a transition between these two modes, the control mode of the battery inverter will change. A switching circuit, as shown in Fig.7, is designed to realize this transition 20.A load-voltage control strategy proposed by 23 is employed to provide the operation of the microgrid.Disconnection of the microgrid from the grid can be provoked by many causes, like unsatisfactory grid voltage (in terms of amplitude or waveform) or all the same econo mic aspects related to power price. In order to monitor grid voltage characteristics a potential drop monitoring module is required. This module measures continuously the rms grid voltage comparing it with a preestablished threshold value. When any of the phase voltages goes down the threshold value (0.9 pu in this case) the detection signal is activated. If 20 ms after the first detection this signal is still activated the microgrid must be disconnected from the utility grid and it must pass to islanded operation mode, otherwise the microgrid will remain connected to the utility grid. This way unnecessary islandings are avoided and selectivity is respected. A 20 ms time window has been chosen after substantiative through experimental tests and standards 47 that a personal computer (which is considered as the most critical residential load in this microgrid) is not affected by a 20 ms voltage interruption. As soon as the microgrid is disconnected from the grid, the programmable ge nerator controller passes from a power control mode to a voltage control mode. Microgrid power consumption is also continuously measured in order to detach non-critical loads if there is no enough local available power. In addition if consumption or generation conditions are modified and it becomes possible to feed all the local loads, non-critical loads will be reconnected.Transition from Islanded to Grid-Connected ModeWhen the grid-disconnection cause disappears, the transition from islanded to grid-connected mode can be started. To avoid hard transients in the reconnection, the diesel generator has to be synchronized with the grid voltage 23. The DG is operated in synchronous island mode until both systems are synchronized. Once the voltage in the DG is synchronized with the utility voltage, the DG is reconnected to the grid and the controller will pass from voltage control mode to current control mode.When the microgrid is working in islanded mode, and the ARL2 detects that the voltage outside the microgrid (in the grid) is stable and fault-free, we have to resynchronize the microgrid to the frequency, amplitude and phase of the grid, in order to reconnect seamlessly the microgrid.If the grid-disconnection cause disappears and the gridvoltage fulfills the desired requirements, the transition from islanded to grid-connected mode can be started. The grid voltage conditions will be again monitored by the potency monitoring module. This way if the grid voltage exceeds the threshold value the detection signal is deactivated. If 20 ms after the first detection the detection signal is still deactivated it means that utility grid has returned back to normal operating conditions and the microgrid can reconnect to the grid. However, before the reconnection, the microgrid has to be synchronized with the grid voltage in order to avoid hard transients in the reconnection. To do so, the microgrid operates in synchronous islanded mode during 100 ms with the aim of decou pling the reference variation and the physical grid reconnection transients. In this operating mode the voltage in the microgrid is set to the characteristics of the grid voltage, frequency and phase. Once the voltage in the microgrid is synchronized with the utility voltage the microgrid can be reconnected to the grid and the programmable generator controller will pass from a voltage control mode to a power control mode. In the same way if non-critical loads are detached they are also reconnected.In the presence of unplanned events like faults, microgrid separation from the MV network must occur as fast as possible. However, the switching transient will have great impact on microgrid dynamics.The microgrid functionalities as well as its control methods depend on the mode of operation 23Islanding of the MG can take place by unplanned events like faults in the MVnetwork or by planned actions like attention requirements. In this case, the local generation profile of theMG can be modi fied in order to reduce the imbalance between local load and generation and reduce the disconnection transient 48.ConclusionsIn this paper the microgrid system installed at the Tallinn University of Technology, has been presented. The microgrid includes a diesel generator, batteries storage with power electronic interface.The architecture of the microgrid for the Tallinn University of Technology and a control system structure for the microgrid were proposed. Design of a control and monitoring system for a microgrid is presented in this paper. A hierarchical control scheme is proposed.This will enhance the reliability and stability of the microgrid on one end and will make microgrid an easy to use product on the other. realisationThis paper was supported by the Project DAR8130 Doctoral School of Energy and Geotechnology II.ReferencesA.M.Borbely,J.F.Krieder, Distributed generation the power prototype for the new millennium, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2001, 388p.P.Nabuurs, SmartG rids, European Technology platform, Strategic Deployment Document for Europes Electricity Networks of the Future, September 2008, 68p.R.Lasseter, Microgrids, Proceedings of 2002 IEEE male monarch Engineering conjunction Winter impact, vol.1, NewYork, NY, 2002, pp.305-308.B.Kroposki,T.Basso,R.DeBlasio, Microgrid regulations and Technologies, Power and Energy Society General Meeting Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century, 2008, pp.1-4.P.Mazza, The Smart Energy Network Electricitys Third Great Revolution, Jun. 2003. online. 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